Black gram [Vigna mungo (L)] seeds are a rich source of digestible protein and dietary fibre, both for human and animal consumption. However, the quality and quantity of the Vigna seeds are severely affected by bruchid beetles during storage. Therefore, analyses of the expression of the bruchid induced transcript dynamics in black gram pods would be helpful to understand the underlying defense mechanism against bruchid oviposition. We used the RNAseq approach to survey the changes in transcript profile in the developing seeds of a moderately resistant cultivar IC-8219 against bruchid oviposition using a susceptible cultivar T-9 as a control. A total of 96,084,600 and 99,532,488 clean reads were generated from eight (4 each) samples of IC-8219 and T-9 cultivar, respectively. Based on the BLASTX search against the NR database, 32,584 CDSs were generated of which 31,817 CDSs were significantly similar to Vigna radiata, a close relative of Vigna mungo. The IC-8219 cultivar had 630 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of which 304 and 326 genes up and down-regulated, respectively. However, in the T-9 cultivar, only 168 DEGs were identified of which 142 and 26 genes up and down-regulated, respectively. The expression analyses of 10 DEGs by qPCR confirmed the accuracy of the RNA-Seq data. Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway analyses helped us to better understand the role of these DEGs in oviposition mediated defense response of black gram. In both the cultivars, the most significant transcriptomic changes in response to the oviposition were related to the induction of defense response genes, transcription factors, secondary metabolites, enzyme inhibitors, and signal transduction pathways. It appears that the bruchid ovipositioning mediated defense response in black gram is induced by SA signaling pathways and defense genes such as defensin, genes for secondary metabolites, and enzyme inhibitors could be potential candidates for resistance to bruchids. We generated a transcript profile of immature black gram pods upon bruchid ovipositioning by de novo assembly and studied the underlying defense mechanism of a moderately resistant cultivar.

中文翻译：

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黑克豆荚中的Bruchid甲虫产卵介导的防御反应

黑克[Vigna mungo（L）]种子是人类和动物食用的可消化蛋白质和膳食纤维的丰富来源。然而，Vigna种子的质量和数量在储存过程中会受到bru虫的严重影响。因此，分析黑头豆荚中布鲁基德诱导的转录动力学的表达将有助于理解潜在的针对布鲁基德产卵的防御机制。我们使用RNAseq方法，使用易感品种T-9作为对照，调查了中度抗性品种IC-8219对抗布鲁氏虫产卵的发育中种子的转录谱变化。分别从八个IC-8219和T-9品种样品中分别获得了96,084,600个和99,532,488个纯净读数。根据针对NR数据库的BLASTX搜索，32 生成了584个CDS，其中31,817个CDS与Vigna mungo的近亲Vigna radiata非常相似。IC-8219品种具有630个差异显着表达的基因（DEG），其中304个和326个基因分别被上调和下调。然而，在T-9品种中，仅鉴定出168个DEG，其中分别有142和26个基因被上调和下调。通过qPCR对10个DEG的表达分析证实了RNA-Seq数据的准确性。基因本体论和KEGG通路分析帮助我们更好地理解了这些DEG在产卵介导的黑gram防御反应中的作用。在这两个品种中，响应产卵的最显着的转录组变化与防御反应基因，转录因子，次生代谢产物，酶抑制剂的诱导有关，和信号转导途径。看来，黑克分子中产卵的产卵介导的防御反应是由SA信号通路和防御基因（如防御素，次生代谢物的基因）和酶抑制剂诱导的，可能是对布鲁氏菌的抗性候选。我们通过从头组装产生了未成熟的黑克豆荚的转录本图谱，并对其进行了研究，并研究了中度抗性品种的潜在防御机制。