With the deep combination of both modern information technology and traditional agriculture, the era of agriculture 4.0, which takes the form of smart agriculture, has come. Smart agriculture provides solutions for agricultural intelligence and automation. However, information security issues cannot be ignored with the development of agriculture brought by modern information technology. In this paper, three typical development modes of smart agriculture (precision agriculture, facility agriculture, and order agriculture) are presented. Then, 7 key technologies and 11 key applications are derived from the above modes. Based on the above technologies and applications, 6 security and privacy countermeasures (authentication and access control, privacy-preserving, blockchain-based solutions for data integrity, cryptography and key management, physical countermeasures, and intrusion detection systems) are summarized and discussed. Moreover, the security challenges of smart agriculture are analyzed and organized into two aspects: 1) agricultural production, and 2) information technology. Most current research projects have not taken agricultural equipment as potential security threats. Therefore, we did some additional experiments based on solar insecticidal lamps Internet of Things, and the results indicate that agricultural equipment has an impact on agricultural security. Finally, more technologies (5 G communication, fog computing, Internet of Everything, renewable energy management system, software defined network, virtual reality, augmented reality, and cyber security datasets for smart agriculture) are described as the future research directions of smart agriculture.

中文翻译：

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智慧农业调查：发展模式、技术以及安全和隐私挑战


随着现代信息技术与传统农业的深度结合，以智慧农业为形式的农业4.0时代已经到来。智慧农业提供农业智能化、自动化的解决方案。然而，随着现代信息技术带来的农业发展，信息安全问题也不容忽视。本文提出了智慧农业三种典型的发展模式（精准农业、设施农业、订单农业）。由上述模式衍生出7项关键技术和11项关键应用。基于上述技术和应用，总结和讨论了6种安全和隐私对策（身份验证和访问控制、隐私保护、基于区块链的数据完整性解决方案、密码学和密钥管理、物理对策和入侵检测系统）。此外，对智慧农业的安全挑战进行了分析和整理，分为两个方面：1）农业生产，2）信息技术。目前大多数研究项目并未将农业设备视为潜在的安全威胁。因此，我们基于太阳能杀虫灯物联网做了一些额外的实验，结果表明农业设备对农业安全有影响。最后，更多技术（5G通信、雾计算、万物互联、可再生能源管理系统、软件定义网络、虚拟现实、增强现实和智慧农业网络安全数据集）被描述为智慧农业的未来研究方向。