Abstract: Equivalent to regulatory T cells, a novel B cell populace, called regulatory B cells (Bregs), has been found to exert a negative immune regulatory role. These subsets of cells account for 0.5% of human B cells from the periphery that expand after activation upon certain stimuli depending on the nature of the microenvironment and provide a variety of Breg cell phenotypes. The increasing number of suppressive mechanisms attributed to Bregs suggests that these immune cells play many roles in immune regulation. Bregs have been confirmed to play a role in host defense mechanisms of healthy individuals as well as they play pathologic and protective roles in diseases or other conditions. Accumulating evidence reported that Bregs have a role in autoimmune and infectious diseases to lower inflammation, and in cancer to attenuate antitumor immune responses, thereby to promote cancer growth and metastasis. More recently, Bregs are also found to be involved in conditions like transplantation for transplant tolerance, during pregnancy to create an immune-privileged uterine environment and during early neonate life. Herein, the review summarizes recent findings aimed to provide understanding on the Breg cells, in the hope to gain insight on the general overview, development, mechanism of activation, and action of Bregs as well as their potential roles in health and diseases.

Keywords: regulatory B cells, immune regulation, health, disease


中文翻译：

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调节性B细胞在健康和疾病中的作用：系统综述

摘要：与调节性T细胞等效，一种新型的B细胞平民被称为调节性B细胞（Bregs），它具有负的免疫调节作用。这些细胞亚群占周围人B细胞的0.5％，这些人B细胞在激活某些刺激后会膨胀，具体取决于微环境的性质，并提供多种Breg细胞表型。归因于布雷格斯的抑制机制的数量增加表明这些免疫细胞在免疫调节中起着许多作用。已经证实布雷格斯在健康个体的宿主防御机制中起作用，并且它们在疾病或其他状况中起病理学和保护作用。越来越多的证据表明，Bregs在自身免疫和传染性疾病中可降低炎症，在癌症中可减弱抗肿瘤免疫反应，从而促进癌症的生长和转移。最近，还发现Bregs参与了诸如移植耐受性的移植，怀孕期间创造免疫特权的子宫环境以及新生儿早期阶段的疾病。在此，本综述总结了旨在提供对Breg细胞的了解的最新发现，以期对Bregs的总体概述，发展，激活机制和作用以及它们在健康和疾病中的潜在作用有更深入的了解。

关键词：调节性B细胞免疫调节健康疾病