Abstract

In the Post New Order period, there was a significant development in Indonesia. The issuance of the Law on TNI in 2004, has since guided how the Indonesian military operates in dealing with external and internal security threats and curbed its socio-political role, which is associated with the New Order regime. However, it has not explicitly touched upon the implementation of defence diplomacy, which has significantly increased within the last decade. Hence, the article aims to analyse the development of Indonesia’s Defence Diplomacy in the Post New Order period, particularly in the context of joint exercises. This article attempts to answer two key questions: ‘How has Indonesia developed its defence diplomacy as part of its overall diplomacy?’ and ‘What factors account for different practices undertaken in Indonesia’s defence diplomacy?’ The article qualitatively scrutinises the development of Indonesia’s defence diplomacy activities of joint exercises by comparing two bilateral exercises with the major powers, the Garuda Shield and the Sharp Knife. In supporting the analysis, the article relies on the combination of interviews and observations performed during fieldwork from July 2018 to July 2019. The article is critical since it offers an alternative approach to studying Indonesia’s defence diplomacy.

摘要

在后新秩序时期，印度尼西亚取得了重大发展。2004 年颁布的《TNI 法》从此指导了印度尼西亚军队如何应对外部和内部安全威胁，并遏制了其与新秩序制度相关的社会政治作用。然而，它没有明确涉及国防外交的实施，这在过去十年中显着增加。因此，本文旨在分析后新秩序时期印度尼西亚国防外交的发展，特别是在联合演习的背景下。本文试图回答两个关键问题：“作为整体外交的一部分，印度尼西亚是如何发展其国防外交的？' 和 '哪些因素导致了印度尼西亚国防外交中采取的不同做法？文章通过比较与大国“鹰之盾”和“利刃”这两个双边演习，定性地审视了印度尼西亚联合演习国防外交活动的发展。为了支持这一分析，本文结合了 2018 年 7 月至 2019 年 7 月实地考察期间的访谈和观察。这篇文章至关重要，因为它提供了研究印度尼西亚国防外交的另一种方法。