Abstract

Conflicting interests amongst different stakeholder groups regarding land use challenge the protection of natural values in socio-ecological systems (SES). In this paper we show, based on a case study of Israel’s Makhteshim Country National Park, how mapping the different interests and analyzing the data with a GIS system allows us to locate significant conflict points between groups. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 60 individuals from three major stakeholder groups in the region: semi-nomadic Bedouins, nature reserve rangers, and tourist operators. The qualitative findings were then mapped by a GIS platform. The mapping indicated that the stakeholder groups’ land-use is distributed in a manner that makes conflict unavoidable, but relatively limited to only certain specific areas. Moreover, in some areas, the three groups share similar or complementary values, reaping mutual benefits from shared use. We conclude that GIS mapping can serve as a powerful tool for conflict management in complex SES.

摘要

不同利益相关者群体之间在土地使用方面的利益冲突对社会生态系统 (SES) 中自然价值的保护提出了挑战。在本文中，我们展示了基于以色列 Makhteshim 国家公园的案例研究，如何用 GIS 系统绘制不同的兴趣点并分析数据，使我们能够定位群体之间的重要冲突点。对来自该地区三个主要利益相关者群体的 60 人进行了半结构化访谈：半游牧的贝都因人、自然保护区护林员和旅游经营者。然后通过 GIS 平台绘制定性结果。映射表明，利益相关者群体的土地使用分布方式使冲突不可避免，但相对仅限于某些特定区域。此外，在某些地区，这三个群体拥有相似或互补的价值观，从共同使用中获得互惠互利。我们得出的结论是，GIS 制图可以作为复杂 SES 中冲突管理的强大工具。