Abstract

Migration and tourism are interconnected forms of human mobility, similar but different. It is impossible to draw neat boundaries around the two because they constantly intersect, sometimes within one and the same individual. Tourism and migration often fuel each other, thereby raising two interesting questions that are rarely asked, namely ‘What would tourism be without migration?’ and ‘What would migration be without tourism?’. In significant ways, sustainability is directly related to the ‘mobility’ aspects of tourism-related labour. However, in tourism studies, research on mobility often focuses merely on tourist movements. In general, there has been little detailed examination of the mechanisms that comprise and (re)produce the border-crossing movements of tourism labourers. If there is little attention to tourism-related labour mobilities, considerations related to the sustainability implications of worker mobility are highlighted even less often. Indeed, despite the anthropocentric focus of sustainability as a concept, surprisingly little attention has been devoted to the aspect of social sustainability. As the COVID-19 crisis shows, when it comes to the nexus between migration and tourism, the current and future challenges are huge.

摘要

移民和旅游是相互联系的人类流动形式，相似但不同。不可能在两者之间划出清晰的界限，因为它们经常相交，有时在同一个人之内。旅游和移民往往相互促进，从而提出了两个很少被问到的有趣问题，即“没有移民，旅游业会是什么？” 和“如果没有旅游业，移民会怎样？”。在很大程度上，可持续性与旅游相关劳动力的“流动性”方面直接相关。然而，在旅游研究中，对流动性的研究往往只关注旅游者的流动。总体而言，几乎没有对构成和（再）产生旅游劳工跨境流动的机制进行详细研究。如果很少关注与旅游相关的劳动力流动，与工人流动的可持续性影响相关的考虑很少被强调。事实上，尽管可持续性作为一个概念以人类为中心，但令人惊讶的是，很少有人关注社会可持续性方面。正如 COVID-19 危机所显示的那样，当谈到移民与旅游业之间的关系时，当前和未来的挑战都是巨大的。