ABSTRACT

The increasing concern about climate change has produced growing interest in natural ventilation and urban planning. There seems to be a gap in the study of introducing urban climate into urban planning, even though doing so would increase population comfort and decrease energy spending. Natural ventilation provided by wind flowing through the streets of a city might be considered as a first priority for passive cooling. It is intuitive that if the street grid coincides with wind flow direction, a city will get more wind in the street. Otherwise, building walls will stop the wind. This study addresses this important topic, grounded on the urbanization of Ildefons Cerdà with regard to Barcelona. In this research, a consistency analysis of the grid orientation and wind flow direction is done for Barcelona. The objective is to demonstrate using current technology that Cerdà’s grid orientation, which strove to capture fresh winds in summer and avoid cold winds in winter, really works. Methodologically, we discuss the reasons, found in the vast work of the Cerdà urban plan, for capturing winds; and we demonstrate the goodness of fit of street grid orientation for capturing winds using spatial analysis in GIS.

摘要

对气候变化的日益关注使人们对自然通风和城市规划越来越感兴趣。在将城市气候引入城市规划的研究中似乎存在差距，尽管这样做会增加人口舒适度并减少能源消耗。流经城市街道的风提供的自然通风可能被视为被动冷却的首要任务。很直观，如果街道网格与风流方向重合，一个城市的街道上就会有更多的风。否则，筑墙会挡风。本研究以巴塞罗那 Ildefons Cerdà 的城市化为基础，探讨了这一重要主题。在这项研究中，对巴塞罗那的网格方向和风流方向进行了一致性分析。目的是使用当前的技术证明 Cerdà 的网格定向，它努力在夏季捕捉新鲜风并在冬季避免冷风，确实有效。在方法论上，我们讨论了在 Cerdà 城市规划的大量工作中发现的捕获风的原因；我们展示了街道网格方向的拟合优度，用于使用 GIS 中的空间分析捕获风。