Abstract

The current study provides a quantitative examination of 634 firearms used in 348 mass shootings (1966–2018) through a unique firearm-level database. Specifically, this work identifies the relationship between the types of firearms, methods of obtainment, firearm regulations, and incident outcomes. Findings indicate the most common firearms were handguns. They were often legally obtained by the perpetrator, from independently owned or operated federally licensed firearms dealers. Although handgun-specific regulations did not appear to impact the legality of firearms, assault weapons bans were associated with an increase in illegal obtainment. Furthermore, the presence of a semiautomatic rifle and a higher number of guns were associated with increased casualties. A discussion of key findings provides important implications and future directions for scholars, practitioners, and policymakers.

摘要

目前的研究通过一个独特的枪支级数据库对 348 起大规模枪击事件（1966-2018 年）中使用的 634 支枪支进行了定量检查。具体而言，这项工作确定了枪支类型、获取方法、枪支法规和事件结果之间的关系。调查结果表明，最常见的枪支是手枪。它们通常是犯罪者从独立拥有或经营的联邦许可枪支经销商处合法获得的。尽管针对手枪的规定似乎并未影响枪支的合法性，但攻击性武器禁令与非法获取的增加有关。此外，半自动步枪和更多枪支的存在与伤亡人数增加有关。