Abstract

Although mass shootings have fueled calls for large-scale changes in gun ownership and concealed carry legislation over the past thirty years, few studies have evaluated whether permissive gun policies actually deter mass shootings, and none have determined if their effects are the same on firearms homicide in general. This study examines the impact of household gun ownership and concealed carry legislation on annual counts of mass shootings and firearms homicides in the United States from 1991 to 2016. Negative binomial regressions with fixed effects and generalized estimating equations (GEE) indicate that mass shootings disproportionately occur in states with higher levels of gun ownership, while firearms homicide rates are higher in permissive concealed carry states. As the two crimes do not respond to changes in gun ownership and concealed carry legislation in the same way, lawmakers must contextualize mass shootings as a small, unique part of overall gun violence when considering policy interventions.

摘要

尽管在过去的三十年里，大规模枪击事件激起了对枪支所有权和隐蔽携带立法的大规模改变的呼声，但很少有研究评估宽松的枪支政策是否真的能阻止大规模枪击事件，也没有人确定它们对枪支杀人的影响是否相同一般来说。本研究考察了家庭拥有枪支和隐蔽携带立法对 1991 年至 2016 年美国大规模枪击和枪支凶杀案的年度计数的影响。 具有固定效应和广义估计方程 (GEE) 的负二项式回归表明大规模枪击事件不成比例地发生在枪支拥有率较高的州，枪支凶杀率在允许隐蔽携带的州较高。