The more people believe in free will, the harsher their punishment of criminal offenders. A reason for this finding is that belief in free will leads individuals to perceive others as responsible for their behavior. While research supporting this notion has mainly focused on criminal offenders, the perspective of the victims has been neglected so far. We filled this gap and hypothesized that individuals’ belief in free will is positively correlated with victim blaming—the tendency to make victims responsible for their bad luck. In three studies, we found that the more individuals believe in free will, the more they blame victims. Study 3 revealed that belief in free will is correlated with victim blaming even when controlling for just world beliefs, religious worldviews, and political ideology. The results contribute to a more differentiated view of the role of free will beliefs and attributed intentions.

越相信自由意志的人，对犯罪者的惩罚就越严厉。这一发现的一个原因是，对自由意志的信仰导致个人认为他人对他们的行为负责。虽然支持这一观点的研究主要集中在刑事犯罪者身上，但迄今为止，受害者的观点一直被忽视。我们填补了这一空白，并假设个人对自由意志的信仰与责备受害者呈正相关 - 让受害者为自己的坏运气负责的倾向。在三项研究中，我们发现越相信自由意志的人，他们就越责怪受害者。研究 3 显示，即使在控制公正的世界信仰、宗教世界观和政治意识形态时，对自由意志的信仰也与责备受害者有关。