Purpose

The Rio 2016 Olympic Games required a significant investment in the public transport systems, connecting four city's areas and providing different types of impacts and legacies for their hosts. The purpose of this paper is to examine resident perceptions of the public transportation issues in the Rio host city before and after the Games. Key factors underpinning transportation issue outcomes are identified.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected among Rio local residents by using a pre-Games (n = 504) and post-Games design (n = 421). The cross-sectional and longitudinal data were assessed at both time periods. An exploratory factor analysis revealed five factors, and a confirmatory factor analysis analysed the psychometric properties of the constructs proposed. Subsequently, MANOVA and a series of ANOVA tests (one-way and paired samples) were performed to analyse the differences in perceptions before and after the Games.

Findings

Results revealed a five-factor model of public transportation issues perceived: planning, infrastructure, insecurity, information and urban mobility. Resident perceptions for four factors (planning, infrastructure, insecurity, urban mobility) increased from pre- to post-Games, meaning that they have a more negative perspective about those issues. In contrast, the findings suggested an improvement in public transport information perceived between the period before and after the Games.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the academic literature related to discussing the Olympic legacy by providing evidence of how hosting the Olympics may lead to social exchange with negative outcomes on transport legacy. The findings of this study can be used as valuable information for future event organizers, local authorities and governments.

中文翻译：

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里约热内卢的交通遗产：赛前和赛后居民的看法

目的

2016年里约奥运会需要在公共交通系统上进行大量投资，连接四个城市地区，并为其主办国提供不同类型的影响和遗产。本文的目的是研究奥运会前后里约东道主城市居民对公共交通问题的看法。确定了支撑运输问题结果的关键因素。

设计/方法/方法

使用赛前（n  = 504）和赛后设计（n  = 421）在里约热内卢当地居民中收集数据。在两个时间段都评估了横截面和纵向数据。探索性因素分析揭示了五个因素，而确认性因素分析则分析了所提议结构的心理计量特性。随后，进行了MANOVA和一系列ANOVA测试（单向和配对样本）来分析奥运会前后的感知差异。

发现

结果揭示了人们所感知的公共交通问题的五因素模型：规划，基础设施，不安全，信息和城市交通。居民对四个因素（规划，基础设施，不安全感，城市交通）的认识从赛前到赛后都有所增加，这意味着他们对这些问题持较消极的看法。相比之下，调查结果表明，在奥运会前后期间，公共交通信息得到了改善。

创意/价值

这项研究通过提供有关主办奥运会如何导致交通运输遗产产生负面结果的证据，为有关讨论奥林匹克遗产的学术文献做出了贡献。这项研究的结果可作为未来活动组织者，地方当局和政府的宝贵信息。