Background and aim:

Smoking rates are decreasing in Norway while the use of snus has increased. We aimed to investigate the co-occurrence of, and the socio-demographics, personality and substance use characteristics associated with, student smoking and snus use.

Methods:

Survey data were collected among students in higher education in Bergen, Norway in 2015 (N = 11,236, response rate 39.4%). Multinomial regression analyses comparing snus users and smokers to non-users and non-smokers, respectively, on demographic, personality and substance use variables were conducted. Regression analyses comparing current dual users to current smokers and current snus users and comparing daily smokers to daily snus users, on demographic, personality and substance use variables were also conducted.

Results:

In total 67.9% of ever snus users identified themselves as non-smokers (past and current). Several demographic, personality and substance use characteristics associated with smoking and snus use were identified (all = p < .05), some of which were common for both (e.g., use of cannabis) and some which were exclusively associated with either smoking (e.g., neuroticism) or snus use (e.g., extroversion).

Conclusion:

The current study contributes with several novel findings regarding traits associated with smoking and snus use. Though limited by a cross-sectional design, the current findings may suggest that the group of students using snus consists of a combination of previous smokers, students who would have smoked if snus was not available and a new segment who may not have used nicotine if snus was not available.

中文翻译：

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挪威学生的吸烟和鼻烟使用：人口统计、个性和物质使用特征

背景与目的：

挪威的吸烟率正在下降，而鼻烟的使用却在增加。我们的目的是调查与学生吸烟和鼻烟使用相关的社会人口学、人格和物质使用特征的共同发生以及与之相关的社会人口学、人格和物质使用特征。

方法：

2015 年在挪威卑尔根接受高等教育的学生中收集了调查数据（N = 11,236，回复率为 39.4%）。进行了多项回归分析，分别比较鼻烟使用者和吸烟者与非使用者和非吸烟者的人口统计、个性和物质使用变量。还进行了关于人口统计、个性和物质使用变量的回归分析，比较当前双重使用者与当前吸烟者和当前鼻烟使用者，并将每日吸烟者与每日鼻烟使用者进行比较。

结果：

总共有 67.9% 的鼻烟用户认为自己是非吸烟者（过去和现在）。确定了与吸烟和鼻烟使用相关的几个人口统计学、个性和物质使用特征（所有 = p < . 05），其中一些对两者都很常见（例如，使用大麻），而一些仅与吸烟相关（例如，神经质）或鼻烟使用（例如，外向）。

结论：

目前的研究提供了一些关于与吸烟和鼻烟使用相关的特征的新发现。尽管受到横断面设计的限制，但目前的研究结果可能表明，使用鼻烟的学生群体包括以前吸烟者、如果没有鼻烟会吸烟的学生和如果没有使用过尼古丁的新群体鼻烟不可用。