In this article I discuss intercontinental migration during the early modern period. The discovery of the New World sparked a large-scale movement lasting more than four centuries. Before 1800, only 2 to 3 million Europeans availed themselves of the opportunity to move to the New World. Colonial powers, therefore, turned to Africa and transported about 11.5 million slaves to America. After 1850 and the gradual abolition of slavery, the migration of Europeans increased dramatically, but these migrants avoided the former slave regions. Some areas therefore resorted to the importation of Asian indentured labourers, mainly from British India.

中文翻译：

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障碍而不是桥梁：发达国家和洲际移民

在本文中，我将讨论近代早期的洲际迁移。新大陆的发现引发了一场持续了四个多世纪的大规模运动。在 1800 年之前，只有 2 到 300 万欧洲人利用机会搬到新大陆。因此，殖民大国转向非洲并将大约 1150 万奴隶运送到美国。1850年后，随着奴隶制的逐步废除，欧洲人的移民急剧增加，但这些移民避开了以前的奴隶地区。因此，一些地区求助于主要来自英属印度的亚洲契约劳工的输入。