Recent scholarship on post-imperial Eastern Europe has emphasised the continuation of wartime violence in post-war states. Focusing on the early years of the Polish Second Republic, this article considers how the ‘unmixing’ of Eastern European peoples also unfolded in ways not explicitly violent. Specifically, I demonstrate how the sorting of returning refugees on Poland's new frontiers, the culling of personnel from the former imperial civil service and the submission of citizen denunciations helped to disaggregate loyal citizens from hostile foreigners. All of these practices highlight the importance of internal bordering as a process that accompanied the formal drawing of international boundaries in this period.

中文翻译：

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其他方式的暴力：后帝国时代波兰的谴责和归属，1918-1923

最近关于后帝国东欧的学术研究强调了战后国家战时暴力的延续。本文着眼于波兰第二共和国的早期，考虑了东欧人民的“分离”是如何以非暴力的方式展开的。具体来说，我展示了波兰新边境上返回的难民的分类、从前帝国公务员中剔除人员以及提交公民谴责如何帮助将忠诚的公民与敌对的外国人分开。所有这些做法都强调了内部边界作为这一时期正式划定国际边界的过程的重要性。