As Indonesia experiences rapid growth of the ageing population, the government's attention has turned to the wellbeing of older people. This study aims to review critically the construction of older people's identity and care within regional ageing policies in Indonesia. Working from a critical gerontology perspective, a critical discourse analysis of 16 regional ageing policies identified two constructions, labelled ‘material’ and ‘cultural’ ageing, which were used to position older people. The analysis showed that ‘material ageing’ positions older people at the intersection of ‘decline’ and ‘successful ageing’ discourses, while ‘cultural ageing’ positions older people's welfare at the intersection of ‘public responsibility’ and ‘family obligation’ discourses. These discursive constructions in the policy documents have both micro (interpersonal) and macro (structural) constructive effects. At the micro-level, the regional ageing policies stand at a crossroad between empowering and marginalising older people and their families. While the dominant discourse of ‘successful ageing’ encourages older people to be healthy, it marginalises those who do not, or cannot, meet its criteria, undermining a rehabilitative approach as a policy priority. In addition, the rights of the family are overlooked, despite being a pivotal element of cultural ageing. At the macro level, a moral dilemma appears in defining the public and private domains of older people's welfare. Eligibility requirements for state assistance (due to budgetary constraints) ensure that elder care is often relegated to the private sphere, without support. Recommendations for policy improvement are discussed, including the recognition of families’ rights and the importance of local cultural practices in providing care for older people.

随着印度尼西亚人口老龄化的迅速增长，政府的注意力已转向老年人的福祉。这项研究旨在严格审查印度尼西亚在区域老龄化政策中老年人的身份和照料的建设。从批判性老年医学的角度出发，对16种地区老龄化政策进行批判性话语分析，确定了两种构造，分别标记为“物质”和“文化”老龄化，用于定位老年人。分析表明，“物质老龄化”将老年人置于“衰落”与“成功老龄化”论述的交集处，而“文化老龄化”将老年人的福利置于“公共责任”与“家庭义务”论述的交集处。政策文件中的这些话语结构具有微观（人际）和宏观（结构）建设性作用。在微观层面上，区域老龄化政策处于授权和边缘化老年人及其家庭之间的十字路口。尽管“成功老龄化”的主流论述鼓励老年人健康，但它使那些不符合或不符合其标准的人处于边缘地位，这破坏了作为政策重点的恢复性方法。此外，尽管家庭权利是文化老龄化的关键因素，但家庭权利却被忽视。在宏观层面上，道德困境出现在界定老年人福利的公共和私人领域。国家援助的资格要求（由于预算限制）确保了老年人护理通常被下放到私人领域，没有支持。讨论了有关改善政策的建议，包括承认家庭权利以及当地文化习俗在为老年人提供护理方面的重要性。