ABSTRACT

This study presents an overview of seismic hazards in Bhutan and the vulnerability of Bhutanese vernacular constructions derived from damage caused by two earthquakes that occurred in 2009 and 2011. Interpretations of damage and seismically vulnerable features of such constructions are provided from field observations. The taxonomy and vulnerability of all existing Bhutanese buildings are presented using a newly developed classification system. Empirical seismic fragility functions for vernacular stone masonry buildings are constructed using the damage data of 2009 and 2011 earthquakes. The sum of observations highlights that Bhutanese masonry buildings are highly vulnerable even in moderate far-field earthquakes.

摘要

这项研究概述了不丹的地震危险以及不丹白话建筑的易损性，这是由2009年和2011年发生的两次地震造成的。从实地观察中可以了解这种建筑的损害和地震易损特征。所有现有不丹建筑物的分类和脆弱性均使用最新开发的分类系统进行了展示。利用2009年和2011年地震的破坏数据，构建了白话砌石建筑的经验地震易损性函数。观察结果总和表明，即使在中远场地震中，不丹砌体建筑也极易受到伤害。