We investigated changes in plant morphology, anatomy and physiology in a commonly occurring weed, Euphorbia helioscopia L. due to exposure to post‐emergence herbicides. Weed plants were sprayed with one of the following herbicides: pyrimidinyl sulphonylharnstoffe (PS), tribenuron‐methyl (TM), fluroxypyr‐methyl tribenuron‐methyl (FMTM) and bromoxynil (Br). The PS treatment significantly decreased plant height, promoted initiation of side branches and induced a prostrate habit. A specific response of root anatomy to PS and Br treatments was the high proportion of storage parenchyma. The Br‐treated plants showed thickest roots with a significantly large storage parenchyma, not only in the central portion of roots, but also in the cortical parenchyma outside the vascular tissue. A high proportion of xylem in the central portion of roots in the TM or FMTM‐treated plants provides a strong survival response in E. helioscopia. Disintegration of stem cortical parenchyma is the most prominent response of E. helioscopia when treated with a herbicide like PS or FMTM. Survival against these herbicides relates to a complete ring of vascular bundles and intact cortical parenchyma outside the vascular tissue. Increased leaf thickness was recorded in most of the cases except in the FMTM‐treated plants. The PS‐treated plants showed midrib thickness with two distinct vascular bundles. The cortical region, however, was found to be damaged by tissue collapse forming a large lysigenous aerenchyma. Euphorbia helioscopia had altered morphology, anatomy and physiology in response to herbicide application, which changed its growth in the field. To achieve control of this weed species, alternative strategies or higher doses of herbicide should be applied. Further research is required to determine the interaction of surviving weed plants with the crop.

中文翻译：

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日晒（Euphorbia helioscopia L.）对小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）出苗后除草剂的结构和功能响应

我们调查了常见杂草大戟天芥菜的植物形态，解剖学和生理学变化L.由于暴露于出苗后的除草剂。用以下除草剂之一对杂草植物喷洒：嘧啶基磺酰基harnstoffe（PS），苯磺隆甲基（TM），氟草烟甲基苯磺隆甲基（FMTM）和溴苯腈（Br）。PS处理显着降低了株高，促进了侧枝的萌发并诱发了pro的习性。根部解剖对PS和Br处理的一种特殊反应是储存薄壁组织的比例很高。经过Br处理的植物显示出最粗的根，并且具有大量的储存薄壁组织，不仅在根的中部，而且在血管组织外部的皮质薄壁组织中。在TM或FMTM处理过的植物中，根部中央的木质部比例很高，从而在埃塞俄比亚大肠杆菌中具有很强的存活反应。。干皮层薄壁的崩解是最突出的响应E.泽漆当与像PS或FMTM除草剂处理。针对这些除草剂的存活涉及血管束的完整环和血管组织外部完整的皮质实质。在大多数情况下，除经FMTM处理的植物外，均记录到叶片厚度增加。经PS处理的植物显示出中脉厚度和两个不同的血管束。然而，发现皮层区域被组织塌陷损坏，形成了大的溶原性动脉瘤。大戟天芥菜响应除草剂的使用改变了形态，解剖和生理，从而改变了其在田间的生长。为了控制这种杂草，应采用替代策略或使用更高剂量的除草剂。需要进一步的研究来确定存活的杂草植物与农作物之间的相互作用。