Narrow versus broad: sexual dimorphism in the wing form of western European species of the subgenus Avaritia (Culicoides, Ceratopogonidae),Integrative Zoology

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Narrow versus broad: sexual dimorphism in the wing form of western European species of the subgenus Avaritia (Culicoides, Ceratopogonidae)
Integrative Zoology ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 , DOI: 10.1111/1749-4877.12516
Francesc Muñoz-Muñoz ₁ , Nonito Pagès _{2,

3,

4} , Ana F Durao ₁ , Marion England ₅ , Doreen Werner ₆ , Sandra Talavera ₂

Affiliation

While wing form is known to differ between males and females of the genus Culicoides, detailed studies of sexual dimorphism are lacking. In this study, we analyze sex-specific differences in the wing form of 5 species of the subgenus Avaritia, using geometric morphometrics and comparative phylogenetic methods. Our results confirm the existence of marked sexual dimorphism in the wing form of the studied species and reveal for the first time that while there is a shared general pattern of sexual shape dimorphism within the subgenus, sexual size dimorphism, and particular features of sexual shape dimorphism differ among species. Sexual shape dimorphism was found to be poorly associated to size and the evolutionary history of the species. The tight association of sexual shape dimorphism with aspect ratio suggests that the shape of the wing is optimized for the type of flight of each sex, that is, dispersal flight in females versus aerobatic flight in males. Moreover, the fact that interspecific shape differences are greater and more strongly associated to aspect ratio in males than in females might be indicating that in males the selective pressures affecting flight performance characteristics are more heterogeneous and/or stronger than in females among the studied species.

中文翻译：

窄与宽：西欧亚属 Avaritia（库利科斯，角马科）的翅膀形式的两性异形

虽然已知库利科斯属的雄性和雌性的翅膀形状不同，但缺乏对两性异形的详细研究。在这项研究中，我们分析了 5 种亚属Avaritia翅膀形态的性别差异，使用几何形态计量学和比较系统发育方法。我们的结果证实了所研究物种的翅膀形式存在明显的两性二态性，并首次揭示了虽然在亚属、两性大小二态性和两性性状二态性的特殊特征中存在共同的性状二态性模式种间不同。发现性别形状二态性与物种的大小和进化历史关系不大。两性形状二态性与纵横比的紧密联系表明，翅膀的形状针对每种性别的飞行类型进行了优化，即雌性的分散飞行与雄性的特技飞行。而且，

更新日期：2021-01-12

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