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Selective extraction of rare earths and lithium from rare earth fluoride molten-salt electrolytic slag by nitration
Hydrometallurgy ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 , DOI: 10.1016/j.hydromet.2021.105552
Huazhou Hu , Jinliang Wang

The extraction of rare earth elements (REEs) from rare earth fluoride molten-salt electrolytic slag has recently attracted attention because of the potential environmental hazards of this material and its rich content of valuable REEs. In this study, we used a selective nitration method to completely transform powdered samples into a nitrate mixture. We conducted a suitable selective roast-water leaching treatment, which resulted in >98% extraction efficiency for the REEs and Li; oxides of Fe and Al were left behind in the residue, which was attributed to the lower decomposition temperature of Fe(NO3)3 and Al(NO3)3. Furthermore, F volatilized in the exhaust as HF and was absorbed by an alkaline solution. HSC modeling and TG-DTA were conducted to simulate the nitration process to obtain the optimum conditions for electrolytic slag nitration. Fe, Al, and F impurities were separated from the lixivium to a great extent, thereby enabling the production of REE oxalates with >99% purity. Such a solution could be directly processed to extract metals without the need for pretreatments to remove impurities. The defluorination method and subsequent extraction of REEs and Li from fluoride molten-salt electrolytic slag address the exponential increase in REE production.



中文翻译:

硝化法从稀土氟化物熔盐电解渣中选择性提取稀土和锂

从稀土氟化物熔融盐电解渣中提取稀土元素(REE)受到了人们的关注,因为该材料具有潜在的环境危害性,并且其宝贵的REE含量丰富。在这项研究中,我们使用选择性硝化方法将粉末状样品完全转化为硝酸盐混合物。我们进行了合适的选择性焙烧水浸提处理,从而使稀土元素和锂的提取效率> 98%;残留物中残留有Fe和Al的氧化物,这归因于Fe(NO 33和Al(NO 33的分解温度较低。。此外,F以HF的形式在排气中挥发并被碱性溶液吸收。进行了HSC建模和TG-DTA模拟硝化过程,为电解渣硝化提供了最佳条件。Fe,Al和F杂质在很大程度上从浸出液中分离出来,从而能够生产纯度> 99%的REE草酸盐。可以将这种溶液直接处理以提取金属,而无需进行预处理以去除杂质。脱氟方法以及随后从氟化物熔盐电解渣中提取REE和Li的方法解决了REE产量呈指数增长的问题。

更新日期:2021-02-01
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