Abstract

The features of far field diffraction phenomena on cylindrical (metal) objects of small diameters (0.01–0.5 mm) are investigated taking into account their reflective properties within the framework of the Kirchhoff–Fresnel scalar theory of light diffraction. The calculations used a screen-type cylinder model (of zero thickness). The reflected far field component was calculated by the stationary phase approximation. It is shown that when using standard information processing algorithms (valid for screen-type objects), the effect of the reflected light wave leads to a noticeable measurement error proportional to the amplitude coefficient of light reflection from the cylinder surface. To reduce its influence, we propose an algorithm for determining the diameters of such objects with increased accuracy by appropriate processing of the diffraction pattern near the angles \(\theta\ll\sqrt[3]{\lambda/R}\), where \(\lambda\) is the light wavelength and \(R\) is the cylinder radius. The obtained results can be used in the development of high-precision diffraction meters for thin cylindrical objects (wires, filaments, fibers).

中文翻译：

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考虑到它们的反射特性的小直径圆柱物体上的远场衍射现象

摘要

在基尔霍夫-菲涅耳光量子标量理论的框架内，考虑到小直径（0.01-0.5 mm）圆柱（金属）物体上的远场衍射现象的特征，对其进行了研究。该计算使用了筛网式圆柱模型（厚度为零）。反射的远场分量是通过固定相位近似计算的。结果表明，当使用标准信息处理算法（对屏幕类型的对象有效）时，反射光波的作用会导致明显的测量误差，该误差与从圆柱体表面反射的光的振幅系数成正比。为了减少影响，\（\ theta \ ll \ sqrt [3] {\ lambda / R} \），其中\（\ lambda \）是光波长，\（R \）是圆柱半径。所得结果可用于开发细圆柱物体（线，细丝，纤维）的高精度衍射仪。