In Montenegro, stone fruit species are grown on intensive and semi-intensive commercial plantations. However, almond production is mainly organized on family gardens and for household consumption. During two seasons (2017–2018), we surveyed apricot, peach, nectarine, sweet cherry, Japanese plum, and almond orchards for the presence of bacterial diseases at different geographical locations in Montenegro. From leaf, petiole and fruit lesions, branch or twig cankers, and necrotizing buds, a total of 29 isolates were obtained and subjected to identification based on their morphological, pathogenic, biochemical, and molecular characteristics. Pathogenicity of the isolates was confirmed by reproducing the symptoms on leaves, fruits, and twigs of the corresponding host plants. The biochemical tests indicated that the isolates belong to Pseudomonas syringae. However, isolates’ characterization showed variation in their phenotypic and molecular features. The presence of the syrB gene and ice nucleation activity grouped most of the isolates within pathovar syringae. The results of rep-PCR using the BOX primer revealed high genetic diversity of isolates. Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA), using four housekeeping genes, showed that 27 isolates belong to the genomic species 1, P. syringae sensu stricto, corresponding to P. syringae phylogroup 2. However, isolates from the same phylogroup 2 did not form a monophyletic group. One strain isolated from apricot was most distinct and similar to members of genomic species 2, phylogroup 3. All tested isolates showed significant levels of resistance to copper sulfate and high level of sensitivity to streptomycin sulfate in vitro.

在黑山，核果类水果在集约化和半集约化商业种植园中种植。但是，杏仁生产主要在家庭花园和家庭消费中进行。在两个季节（2017-2018年）中，我们对黑山不同地理位置的杏，桃，油桃，甜樱桃，日本李子和杏仁园进行了细菌性疾病调查。从叶，叶柄和果实的病害，分支或枝条的溃疡病和坏死的芽中，共获得29种分离株，并根据其形态，病原，生化和分子特征进行鉴定。通过在相应宿主植物的叶子，果实和细枝上复制症状，确认了分离株的致病性。生化测试表明分离物属于丁香假单胞菌。但是，分离株的表征显示其表型和分子特征存在差异。syrB基因的存在和冰的成核活性将致病性丁香科中的大多数分离株归为一组。使用BOX引物进行rep-PCR的结果表明，分离株具有高度的遗传多样性。使用四个管家基因的多基因座序列分析（MLSA）显示，有27种分离物属于丁香假单胞菌严格基因组物种1 ，与丁香假单胞菌相对应系统群2。但是，来自同一系统群2的分离物未形成单系统群。从杏分离出的一种菌株最独特，并且与基因组物种2，phylogroup 3的成员相似。所有测试的分离株在体外均显示出对硫酸铜的显着水平的抗性和对硫酸链霉素的高敏感性。