This study aims to investigate the effect of the ultrasonic, microwave, and combined ultrasonic-microwave pretreatment of palm oil mill effluent (POME) sludge before fermentation to analyze hydrogen (H₂) production and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency in batch fermentation. Experimental results showed that the pretreatment of sludge (ultrasonication, microwave, and ultrasonication-microwave pretreatment) had positively influence the H₂ production and COD removal efficiency during fermentation as compared to control one (without any pretreatment). Combined ultrasonication-microwave pretreatment of POME sludge was shown to be more effective for increasing both H₂ production and COD removal from POME with the highest cumulative H₂ and COD removal efficiency of 4080 mL H₂/L-POME and 75.56%, respectively. The improvement observed for cumulative H₂ production and COD removal was 12.14% and 21.42%, respectively, compared to the control one. These observations concluded that the POME sludge pretreatment with ultrasonication-microwave irradiation could be an effective strategy for improved treatment of POME with simultaneous production of H₂.

这项研究旨在研究在发酵前对棕榈油厂废液（POME）污泥进行超声，微波和联合超声-微波预处理的效果，以分析批量发酵中的氢气（H ₂）产生和化学需氧量（COD）去除效率。实验结果表明，污泥的预处理（超声波，微波和超声-微波预处理）与对照（未经任何预处理）相比，对发酵过程中的H ₂产生和COD去除效率具有积极影响。POME污泥的超声-微波组合预处理显示出更有效地增加H _2的产生和从具有最高累积H _2的POME中去除COD的效果COD去除效率分别为4080 mL H ₂ / L-POME和75.56％。与对照组相比，累积的H ₂产生和COD去除观察到的改善分别为12.14％和21.42％。这些观察结果得出结论，超声-微波辐射预处理POME污泥可能是改善POME同时产生H ₂的有效策略。