Systemic administration of anticancer therapeutic agents remains a crucial strategy for clinical cancer therapy. However, poor drug accumulation at tumor sites and severe side effects to normal tissues induced by off-target effects lower their therapeutic efficiency and limit their deep application in clinical settings. How to overcome these issues has continuously raised concerns. Reportedly, injectable thermosensitive hydrogels are good carriers for local drug delivery systems, demonstrating a flowable and injectable sol state at room temperature, easily loading therapeutic agents with large loading contents. Under normal body temperature, these hydrogels are stimulated to undergo a phase transition to an immobile gel state, which serves as a drug reservoir at local injection sites. After intratumoral or peritumoral injection, the localized hydrogel reservoir shows a slow and sustained drug release behavior, and can also targeted deliver therapeutic agents to cancer cells instead of normal cells, improving the therapeutic efficiency and reducing systemic side effects. This review summarizes the development of injectable thermosensitive hydrogel systems, reviews the research application advances of these systems in different therapy strategies for cancer, discusses the present issues and awaits their future in clinical applications.

中文翻译：

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可注射热敏水凝胶系统在癌症治疗中的应用进展。

系统性地给予抗癌治疗剂仍然是临床癌症治疗的关键策略。然而，不良的药物在肿瘤部位的积聚和脱靶效应引起的对正常组织的严重副作用降低了它们的治疗效率，并限制了它们在临床环境中的深入应用。如何克服这些问题一直引起人们的关注。据报道，可注射的热敏水凝胶是局部药物递送系统的良好载体，在室温下表现出可流动和可注射的溶胶状态，易于载有较大载量的治疗剂。在正常的体温下，这些水凝胶被刺激经历相转变为不可移动的凝胶状态，从而在局部注射部位充当药物储库。瘤内或瘤周围注射后，局部水凝胶储库显示出缓慢而持续的药物释放行为，并且还可以靶向将治疗剂递送至癌细胞而不是正常细胞，从而提高了治疗效率并减少了全身性副作用。这篇综述总结了可注射热敏水凝胶系统的发展，回顾了这些系统在不同的癌症治疗策略中的研究应用进展，讨论了当前的问题并等待其在临床上的未来。