ABSTRACT Community policing has been a popular paradigm for local anti-crime activities in Africa since the 1990s and spread rapidly across the continent. Humanitarian agencies have increasingly embraced versions of the framework to administer refugee camps and ostensibly foster security, protection and peaceful co-existence among residents. This article demonstrates that the deployment of community policing in Kakuma camp in north-western Kenya has been far more contested. Aid organisations and Kenyan authorities have competed in determining the orientation and implementation of community policing at a time when the government was intensifying both securitisation of refugees and counter-terrorism measures. Kakuma‘s Community Peace and Protection Teams (CPPTs) were therefore torn between humanitarian conceptions of localised refugee protection and more illiberal forms of security work which bound them closer to the Kenyan state. The permanent negotiation between these parallel ‘technologies of government' was reflected in contestations over uniforms, trainings and everyday practices. Powerful institutions attempted to script refugee conduct and thus discipline the camp's pluralistic social networks and forms of counter-organisation embedded in a ‘deep community’. Based on ethnographic fieldwork, the article illustrates that governing refugees through community policing blurs the lines between humanitarian protection, domesticating local systems of governance, and expanding the security state.

中文翻译：

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穿制服的难民：肯尼亚卡库玛难民营的社区警务技术

摘要自1990年代以来，社区警务一直是非洲当地反犯罪活动的流行范例，并迅速在整个非洲大陆传播。人道主义机构越来越多地采用该框架的版本来管理难民营，表面上促进居民之间的安全，保护和和平共处。本文表明，在肯尼亚西北部的卡库玛（Kakuma）营地开展社区警务工作的争议更大。在政府加强难民的证券化和反恐措施之际，援助组织和肯尼亚当局在确定社区警务的方向和实施方面进行了竞争。因此，Kakuma的社区和平与保护团队（CPPT）在人道主义的本地化难民保护概念与更加自由的形式的安全工作之间陷入了困境，这使他们更接近肯尼亚国家。这些平行的“政府技术”之间的永久谈判体现在对制服，培训和日常实践的争执中。强大的机构试图模仿难民的行为，从而对难民营的多元化社会网络和嵌入“深层社区”中的反组织形式进行纪律处分。基于人种学的田野调查，该文章说明了通过社区治安来治理难民，模糊了人道主义保护，驯化当地治理体系和扩大安全国家之间的界限。