Amazonia in contemporary academic as well as public discourse is often placed in opposition to modernity, its peoples and environment represented as offering an alternative to modern ways of seeing and being in the world. Through a contemporary and historical consideration of the Brazilian Amazonian town of Belterra, this paper questions such a perspective by emphasizing the complexity of local social and environmental realities as well as the form that outside, modern interventions have taken in the region. The identities of neo-Amazonian populations are also discussed, both in relation to their relative invisibility in anthropological theory and wider political narratives as well as the manner in which their indigeneity is now emerging in local contexts. Overall it is argued that paying attention to social and environmental complexity as well as the hybrid social and cultural forms of the region may offer hope for a shared social and environmental future.

中文翻译：

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橡胶、Terra Preta 和大豆：有形和无形的亚马逊现代性研究

当代学术界和公共话语中的亚马逊河经常被置于现代性的对立面，其人民和环境被视为提供了现代看待世界和存在于世界的方式的另一种选择。通过对巴西亚马逊城镇贝尔特拉的当代和历史考虑，本文通过强调当地社会和环境现实的复杂性以及外部现代干预在该地区采取的形式来质疑这种观点。还讨论了新亚马逊地区人口的身份，包括他们在人类学理论和更广泛的政治叙事中的相对隐蔽性，以及他们的原住民现在在当地环境中出现的方式。