Nearly 50 years ago, Marvin Harris published a seminal paper that examined how Brazilians create taxonomic categories of racial identity. In the intervening decades, new cognitive theories and analytical approaches have enabled researchers to investigate cultural domains with increased sophistication and nuance. In this paper, we revisit, replicate, and extend Harris’s research by utilizing modern cognitive anthropological approaches such as multidimensional scaling and cultural consensus analysis. Utilizing the same facial portraits as in the original study, we ask a contemporary sample of 34 Brazilians to identify and sort these images by racial identity. We then compare Harris’s original data, reanalyzed with modern techniques, to show that Brazilians had, and still hold, structured and coherent models of race. This finding has important social ramifications for race in Brazil and highlights the importance of replicability in the social sciences.

中文翻译：

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Raça 的文化模式：重新审视巴西种族认同的微积分

近 50 年前，马文·哈里斯 (Marvin Harris) 发表了一篇开创性的论文，研究了巴西人如何创建种族身份的分类学类别。在此期间的几十年中，新的认知理论和分析方法使研究人员能够以更高的复杂性和细微差别来研究文化领域。在本文中，我们利用现代认知人类学方法，如多维尺度和文化共识分析，重新审视、复制和扩展哈里斯的研究。利用与原始研究相同的面部肖像，我们要求 34 名巴西人的当代样本按种族身份识别和分类这些图像。然后我们比较了哈里斯的原始数据，并用现代技术重新分析，以表明巴西人拥有并且仍然持有结构化和连贯的种族模型。