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The Chronometric Dating and Subsistence of Late Neanderthals and Early Anatomically Modern Humans in the Central Balkans: Insights from Šalitrena Pećina (Mionica, Serbia)
Journal of Anthropological Research ( IF 1.0 ) Pub Date : 2017-09-01 , DOI: 10.1086/693054
Ana B. Marín-Arroyo , Bojana Mihailović

Eastern Europe, particularly the Balkans, played a major role as a likely cul-de-sac for late Neanderthal survival and as a gateway to Europe for Anatomically Modern Humans (AMH) during the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transition. Despite the importance of the region, the known archaeological record during this period is still very limited, with little available site information. The recently excavated site of Šalitrena Pećina (Mionica, Serbia), south of the Danube River, contains archaeological evidence of late Mousterian, Aurignacian, and Gravettian occupations and presents an opportunity for understanding the behavior of both human populations in this eastern European region. Here we present the first radiocarbon dates for Neanderthal and AMH occupations in Serbia, as well as preliminary evidence on subsistence strategies obtained from the Mousterian and Aurignacian macrofaunal assemblages in Šalitrena Pećina. Radiocarbon dates indicate that Neanderthal and AMH groups may not have coexisted and interacted in this site. Nevertheless, zooarchaeological and taphonomic results show that both human populations were the main depositional agents of macrofaunal accumulation at the cave. The general compositions of the faunal assemblages reflect subtle differences between both human types and point to the necessity of further multidisciplinary research in southeastern Europe to increase our knowledge about human behavior and the causes of the demise of the Neanderthals in the Balkans.

中文翻译:

中巴尔干地区晚期尼安德特人和早期解剖学现代人类的计时约会和生存:来自 Šalitrena Pećina(塞尔维亚米尼卡)的见解

东欧,尤其是巴尔干地区,在旧石器时代中期到晚期过渡期间,作为尼安德特人晚期生存的可能死胡同和解剖学现代人类 (AMH) 通往欧洲的门户,发挥了重要作用。尽管该地区很重要,但这一时期已知的考古记录仍然非常有限,几乎没有可用的遗址信息。多瑙河以南的 Šalitrena Pećina(塞尔维亚米尼卡)最近出土的遗址包含穆斯特时代、奥里尼亚克时代和格拉维特时代晚期的考古证据,为了解这个东欧地区的人类行为提供了机会。在这里,我们展示了塞尔维亚尼安德特人和 AMH 职业的第一个放射性碳日期,以及从 Šalitrena Pećina 的 Mousterian 和 Aurignacian 大型动物群中获得的关于生存策略的初步证据。放射性碳数据表明,尼安德特人和 AMH 群体可能并未在该地点共存和互动。然而,动物考古学和土壤埋藏学结果表明,这两个人类种群都是洞穴大型动物聚集的主要沉积物。动物群的总体构成反映了两种人类类型之间的细微差异,并表明东南欧有必要进行进一步的多学科研究,以增加我们对人类行为和巴尔干地区尼安德特人灭亡原因的了解。放射性碳数据表明,尼安德特人和 AMH 群体可能并未在该地点共存和互动。然而,动物考古学和土壤埋藏学结果表明,这两个人类种群都是洞穴大型动物聚集的主要沉积物。动物群的总体构成反映了两种人类类型之间的细微差异,并表明东南欧有必要进行进一步的多学科研究,以增加我们对人类行为和巴尔干地区尼安德特人灭亡原因的了解。放射性碳数据表明,尼安德特人和 AMH 群体可能并未在该地点共存和互动。然而,动物考古学和土壤埋藏学结果表明,这两个人类种群都是洞穴大型动物聚集的主要沉积物。动物群的总体构成反映了两种人类类型之间的细微差异,并表明东南欧有必要进行进一步的多学科研究,以增加我们对人类行为和巴尔干地区尼安德特人灭亡原因的了解。
更新日期:2017-09-01
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