In the first decades after the founding of the modern Roman Inquisition in 1542, Girolamo Cardano was the most prominent natural philosopher to face imprisonment and trial. A trove of Inquisitorial letters, decrees, and censurae have survived, offering a detailed picture of how, in the early years of its existence, the Roman Inquisition placed theological boundaries around astrology and natural philosophy. This essay covers the trial and identifies a critical point of contention: that Cardano allegedly naturalized heresy. It suggests that we view the Cardano affair as a reaction against a natural philosophy which threatened to constrain the Inquisition’s right to judge enemies and execute that judgment. Finally, it discusses how, in light of the Inquisition’s reading, we might consider Cardano’s astrology as accommodating Christian doctrine.

中文翻译：

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与罗马宗教裁判所一起阅读卡尔达诺：占星术、天体物理学和异端的力量

在 1542 年现代罗马宗教裁判所成立后的最初几十年里，吉罗拉莫·卡尔达诺是面临监禁和审判的最杰出的自然哲学家。大量宗教裁判所的信件、法令和调查令幸存下来，详细说明了罗马宗教裁判所在其存在的最初几年如何围绕占星术和自然哲学设置神学界限。这篇文章涵盖了审判并确定了一个争论的关键点：卡尔达诺据称归化了异端邪说。这表明我们将卡尔达诺事件视为对自然哲学的一种反应，这种哲学威胁到限制宗教裁判所判断敌人和执行该判断的权利。最后，它讨论了根据宗教裁判所的解读，我们如何将卡尔达诺的占星术视为适应基督教教义。