The zūrkhānah is the traditional gymnasium of Iranian cities. Athletes exercised in a homosocial milieu that occasionally allowed for same-sex relations. Beginning in the 20th century, modern heteronormativity made such relations problematic, while gender desegregation allowed women to enter them. After the Islamic Revolution of 1979, gender segregation was again imposed, while heteronormativity was maintained. In recent years, women have endeavored to make the zūrkhānah more inclusive. This article analyzes the contradictions and paradoxes of gender relations in the zūrkhānah by using classical poetry, modern novels, anthropological accounts, autobiographies, travelogues, and press reports.

中文翻译：

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伊朗 ZŪRKHĀNAH 的性别焦虑

zūrkhānah 是伊朗城市的传统体育馆。运动员在一个偶尔允许同性关系的同性恋社会环境中锻炼。从 20 世纪开始，现代异性恋使这种关系成为问题，而性别隔离则允许女性进入其中。1979 年伊斯兰革命后，性别隔离再次被强加，而异性恋仍被保留。近年来，女性努力使 zūrkhānah 更具包容性。本文通过古典诗歌、现代小说、人类学叙述、自传、游记和新闻报道，分析了祖尔卡纳中性别关系的矛盾和悖论。