Purpose This paper aims to elaborate in a greater detail about how to manage and eventually help resolve outstanding issues, including the core issue of Kashmir between nuclear India and Pakistan. In doing so, this paper elaborates various innovative measures that could be applicable to South Asian nuclear environment that in turn could assist the South Asian nuclear leadership in understanding and managing the fragility of South Asian nuclear deterrence. Design/methodology/approach Innovatively, this research paper looks at the South Asian nuclear issues at three levels of analysis – understanding the prevailing dynamics of nuclear revolution and improved means of communications and promoting deterrence stability in South Asia. All three levels may be more needed than ever before in the wake of the arrival of nuclear weapons for a broader Southern Asian region. Findings This paper finds out that although nuclear weapons have become a reality in South Asia and these deadly weapons have prevented major wars between India and Pakistan, nuclear weapons have not prevented the crises between India and Pakistan. Therefore, both India and Pakistan have confronted a number of crises. The paper finds out that any serious crisis between India and Pakistan could further undermine the credibility of existing confidence-building measures and the same could escalate from military to nuclear level. Absent from immediate measures undertaken by the South Asian security leadership, nuclear weapons may not help prevent the war between India and Pakistan at the sub-conventional level, this paper finds out. Originality/value By explaining innovative measures at the three level of analysis, this papers adds to the existing literature in understanding the behavior of South Asian security leadership and how these measures could best bring positive results in preventing a major crisis that potentially bears the risk of escalation to nuclear level.

中文翻译：

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平衡和稳定南亚：可持续和平与稳定的挑战与机遇

目的本文旨在详细介绍如何管理并最终帮助解决悬而未决的问题，包括印度和巴基斯坦之间的克什米尔核心问题。在此过程中，本文阐述了可适用于南亚核环境的各种创新措施，这些措施反过来又可以帮助南亚核领导人了解和管理南亚核威慑的脆弱性。设计/方法论/方法本研究论文以创新的方式从三个层次分析了南亚核问题–了解核革命的主要动力和改进的通讯方式，并促进了南亚的威慑稳定。随着更广泛的南亚区域核武器的到来，这三个层次的需求可能比以往任何时候都更加迫切。调查结果发现，尽管核武器已在南亚成为现实，这些致命武器阻止了印巴之间的重大战争，但核武器并未阻止印巴之间的危机。因此，印度和巴基斯坦都面临着许多危机。该文件发现，印度和巴基斯坦之间的任何严重危机都可能进一步损害现有建立信任措施的可信度，并且同样有可能从军事级别升级到核级别。由于缺乏南亚安全领导人立即采取的措施，核武器可能无助于防止印度和巴基斯坦之间在次常规层面上的战争，本文找出答案。独创性/价值通过在三个层次上解释创新措施，本文为了解南亚安全领导者的行为以及这些措施如何在预防可能承担重大风险的重大危机中最好地带来积极成果方面增加了现有文献。升级到核级。