This article traces the long-run contribution of the employment of enslaved Africans in large-scale commodity production in the Americas to the rise of the capitalist global economy. It demonstrates the two-stage evolution of the global economy—the rise of the nineteenth-century capitalist Atlantic economic system (the nucleus of the global economy), the first stage, and the extension of that system to Asia and the rest of the world, the second stage. It shows that the establishment of the integrated nineteenth-century Atlantic economy was a function of the growth of multilateral trade in the Atlantic basin that resulted from the employment of enslaved Africans in large-scale commodity production in the Americas, on which basis the major economies of the Americas, especially the US economy, and Western European economies, especially the British economy, achieved structural transformation, which included the British Industrial Revolution and its new technologies. Led by Great Britain, the advanced economies of the Atlantic world employed the new technologies of the Industrial Revolution, economically and politically, to extend the Atlantic capitalist economic order to Asia and the rest of the world to constitute the hierarchically structured capitalist global economic order.

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大西洋奴隶制与资本主义全球经济的兴起

本文追溯了被奴役的非洲人在美洲大规模商品生产中的就业对资本主义全球经济兴起的长期贡献。它展示了全球经济的两个阶段演变——19 世纪资本主义大西洋经济体系（全球经济的核心）的兴起、第一阶段以及该体系向亚洲和世界其他地区的扩展，第二阶段。它表明，19 世纪大西洋一体化经济的建立是大西洋盆地多边贸易增长的一个函数，这是由于在美洲大规模商品生产中雇佣被奴役的非洲人，主要经济体在此基础上美洲，尤其是美国经济和西欧经济体，尤其是英国经济，实现了结构转型，其中包括英国工业革命及其新技术。以英国为首的大西洋世界先进经济体在经济和政治上运用工业革命的新技术，将大西洋资本主义经济秩序扩展到亚洲和世界其他地区，构成等级结构的资本主义全球经济秩序。