Nonhuman primates are among the most common taxa represented in Holocene faunal assemblages from Java. In this paper, we examined patterns of Cercopithecidae exploitation, from acquisition through processing, in two cave sites in eastern Java’s Gunung Sewu region: Song Terus and Braholo Cave. Trachypithecus auratus accounts for more than 90% of the nonhuman primate remains recorded, suggesting deliberate targeting of this taxon over other monkey species. Skeletal element representation and the placement of butchery marks allowed us to reconstruct how monkey carcasses were processed. The consistency in the placement of butchery marks is highly suggestive of a systematic butchery process as well as of an intimate knowledge of monkey anatomy. In addition to being the major source of protein for the human inhabitants of the sites, leaf monkeys were also an important source of materials for tool and ornament manufacture. It further appears that leaf monkeys played a significant role in rituals, as several remains were found in association with a human inhumation. In this paper we describe the full chaîne opératoire applied in monkey processing, from acquisition to food processing to grave goods, developed by the inhabitants of the Gunung Sewu from the early Holocene onward.

中文翻译：

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从食物到坟墓

非人类灵长类动物是爪哇全新世动物群中最常见的类群之一。在本文中，我们研究了爪哇东部 Gunung Sewu 地区的两个洞穴遗址：Song Terus 和 Braholo 洞穴，从采集到加工，Cercopithecidae 的开发模式。Trachypithecus auratus 占记录的非人类灵长类动物遗骸的 90% 以上，这表明该分类群有意针对其他猴子物种。骨骼元素表示和屠宰标记的放置使我们能够重建猴子尸体的加工方式。屠宰标记放置的一致性高度暗示了系统的屠宰过程以及对猴子解剖学的深入了解。除了是该地点人类居民的主要蛋白质来源之外，叶猴也是制造工具和装饰品的重要材料来源。叶猴似乎在仪式中发挥了重要作用，因为发现了一些与人类土葬有关的遗骸。在本文中，我们描述了从全新世早期开始由 Gunung Sewu 的居民开发的猴子加工中应用的完整 chaîne 操作，从采集到食品加工再到墓葬物品。