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Critical Response I. Playing with the Dead: A Response to Jonathan Lear
Critical Inquiry ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-01 , DOI: 10.1086/705324
Paul A. Kottman

Jonathan Lear takes Cora Diamond’s use of John Updike’s phrase “‘the difficulty of reality’” to mark “challenges to the mind’s ability to encompass the reality it seeks to comprehend.” “These,” writes Lear, “are not difficulties in the ordinary sense of the term,meaning problems to be solved or resolved” (Jonathan Lear, “Gettysburg Mourning,” Critical Inquiry 45 [Autumn 2018]: 97). Rather, they are “experiences in which we take something in reality to be resistant to our thinking it, or possibly to be painful in its inexplicability, difficult in that way” (quoted on p. 97). Lear treats the famous Civil War battle and Abraham Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address as difficult realities of this special kind—as confounding our “normal forms of explanation” and challenging contemporary American political life, whose coherence depends on a shared grasp of Gettysburg’s meaning (p. 98). The issues are unquestionably important. But Lear’s way of raising them is itself significant because, for him, the issues remain murky if assessed only on the basis of established facts or beliefs or opinions. We need something other than historical knowledge or moral judgment—an addition Lear calls “ethical imagination”—in order to better grasp the issues at stake (p. 119). The view that thinking about our reality can require us to exercise a power for ethical imagination, or speculative thinking, beyond available theoretical and practical resources is now under tremendous pressure in

中文翻译:

批判性回应 I. 玩死人:对乔纳森·李尔的回应

乔纳森·李尔 (Jonathan Lear) 用科拉·戴蒙德 (Cora Diamond) 对约翰·厄普代克 (John Updike) 的短语“'现实的困难'”的使用来标记“对头脑包容它试图理解的现实的能力的挑战”。“这些,”李尔写道,“不是一般意义上的困难,意思是要解决或解决的问题”(乔纳森李尔,“葛底斯堡哀悼”,批判性调查 45 [2018 年秋季]:97)。相反,它们是“在这种体验中,我们在现实中接受某些事物以抵制我们的想法,或者可能因其无法解释而痛苦,以这种方式困难”(引自第 97 页)。李尔将著名的内战和亚伯拉罕林肯的葛底斯堡演说视为这种特殊的困难现实——混淆我们的“正常解释形式”并挑战当代美国政治生活,其连贯性取决于对葛底斯堡含义的共同理解(第 98 页)。这些问题无疑很重要。但李尔提出这些问题的方式本身就很重要,因为对他来说,如果仅根据既定的事实、信念或意见进行评估,这些问题就会变得模糊不清。我们需要历史知识或道德判断以外的东西——李尔称之为“伦理想象”——以便更好地把握关键问题(第 119 页)。思考我们的现实需要我们运用超出可用理论和实践资源的道德想象或思辨思维能力的观点现在正承受着巨大的压力。如果仅根据既定的事实或信念或意见进行评估,问题就会变得模糊不清。我们需要历史知识或道德判断以外的东西——李尔称之为“伦理想象”——以便更好地把握关键问题(第 119 页)。思考我们的现实需要我们运用超出可用理论和实践资源的道德想象或思辨思维能力的观点现在正承受着巨大的压力。如果仅根据既定的事实或信念或意见进行评估,问题就会变得模糊不清。我们需要历史知识或道德判断以外的东西——李尔称之为“伦理想象”——以便更好地把握关键问题(第 119 页)。思考我们的现实需要我们运用超出可用理论和实践资源的道德想象或思辨思维能力的观点现在正承受着巨大的压力。
更新日期:2019-09-01
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