This article addresses the management of maritime plunder and conflict in the waters of England and France in the fourteenth century. It argues that during this century a fundamental change occurred. Around 1300, maritime conflict was handled by recourse to the strictly civil law merchant and law maritime, or by Marcher law. However by the 1350s and 1360s the kings of England and France, moved by contemporary political events and theories of sovereignty at sea, created courts of Admiralty that challenged the previous systems’ jurisdiction. These initiatives eventually paved the way for the criminalisation of private maritime conflict.

中文翻译：

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海上的法律、秩序与掠夺：十四世纪英法的比较

本文讨论了 14 世纪英国和法国水域的海上掠夺和冲突的管理。它认为，在本世纪发生了根本性的变化。大约在 1300 年，海上冲突通过诉诸严格的民法商法和海事法或马歇尔法来处理。然而，到了 1350 年代和 1360 年代，英国和法国国王受当代政治事件和海上主权理论的影响，创建了海事法院，挑战了以前系统的管辖权。这些举措最终为将私人海上冲突定为刑事犯罪铺平了道路。