Several theories have sought to address responses to normatively deviant behavior, but have done so with a focus either on group-level or on individual-level behavior. Yet, due to some characteristics of online contexts, identities can be salient at both a group and/or individual level, creating a more complex set of influences on responding to deviance. We explore responses to online communicative deviance by integrating social identity approaches (a group-level perspective) and expectancy violations theory (an individual-level perspective). Social identity emphasizes the role of group identification in responding to deviance, especially relevant in anonymous online contexts, while expectancy violations theory notes how individuals respond to ambiguous deviance through assessing the reward value of the deviant.

中文翻译：

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在线群体对偏差反应的双重身份模型：整合社会身份理论和期望违反理论

一些理论试图解决对规范性越轨行为的反应，但这样做的重点是群体层面或个人层面的行为。然而，由于在线环境的某些特征，身份可能在群体和/或个人层面上都很突出，从而对应对偏差产生更复杂的影响。我们通过整合社会认同方法（群体层面的观点）和期望违反理论（个人层面的观点）来探索对在线交流偏差的反应。社会认同强调群体认同在应对越轨行为中的作用，尤其是在匿名在线环境中，而预期违规理论则指出个体如何通过评估越轨者的奖励价值来应对模棱两可的越轨行为。