This article investigates the coinciding of the mass migration from Europe to the Americas and the emergence of mass culture, two developments that shaped everyday life, popular entertainment, and Jewish and non-Jewish relations at the turn of the twentieth century. Jewish actors and actresses were among the most prominent performers who staged in Orpheums , Varietes , and vaudevilles on both sides of the Atlantic. In their performances they drew on the notion of a new quality of mobility that society was experiencing, utilizing it to negotiate issues such as of the cultural construction of identities and Jewishness, or to critically reexamine antisemitic and nationalistic attitudes. On the one hand, mobility enabled negotiations of controversial issues. On the other hand, mobility led to accusations against popular entertainment, both legitimate and erroneous—for example, that vaudevilles functioned as covers for clandestine prostitution. Therefore, the article examines the question of how mobility influenced popular culture. What were the controversial issues that mobility raised, and what accusations did these evoke? In what ways did actors and actresses in popular culture address gender and Jewishness? To answer these questions, the article analyzes the spaces of popular entertainment in Budapest, Vienna, and New York through close examinations of newspapers, manuscripts, playbills, and records of censorship.

中文翻译：

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犹太人、流动性和性：1900 年左右布达佩斯、维也纳和纽约之间的流行娱乐

本文调查从欧洲到美洲的大规模移民与大众文化的出现同时发生，这两项发展在 20 世纪之交塑造了日常生活、大众娱乐以及犹太人和非犹太人的关系。犹太演员和女演员是在大西洋两岸的 Orpheums、Varietes 和杂耍表演中最杰出的表演者之一。在他们的表演中，他们借鉴了社会正在经历的一种新的流动性概念，利用它来协商身份和犹太人的文化建设等问题，或者批判性地重新审视反犹太主义和民族主义的态度。一方面，流动性使有争议的问题得以谈判。另一方面，流动性导致对流行娱乐的指责，既合法又错误——例如，杂耍表演充当秘密卖淫的掩护。因此，本文探讨了流动性如何影响流行文化的问题。流动性引发了哪些有争议的问题，这些问题又引发了哪些指责？流行文化中的男女演员以什么方式处理性别和犹太人问题？为了回答这些问题，本文通过对报纸、手稿、节目单和审查记录的仔细检查，分析了布达佩斯、维也纳和纽约的流行娱乐空间。这些引起了什么指责？流行文化中的男女演员以什么方式处理性别和犹太人问题？为了回答这些问题，本文通过对报纸、手稿、节目单和审查记录的仔细检查，分析了布达佩斯、维也纳和纽约的流行娱乐空间。这些引起了什么指责？流行文化中的男女演员以什么方式处理性别和犹太人问题？为了回答这些问题，本文通过对报纸、手稿、节目单和审查记录的仔细检查，分析了布达佩斯、维也纳和纽约的流行娱乐空间。