Abstract Accumulated evidence on health-adverse effects of stressful psychosocial and physical work environments is considered a major breakthrough in recent social epidemiological research. However, research on adverse health effects of repeated exposure over time is lacking. In this contribution we analyse associations of characteristics of adverse employment histories with stressful psychosocial and physical current working conditions. We use data from the French CONSTANCES study and restrict the sample to employed men and women aged 45–60 (n = 23652). Current working conditions are assessed by effort-reward imbalance as well as stressful physical working tasks and positions. Previous employment histories (between age 25 and 45) are retrospectively assessed and measured by indicators of precarious, discontinuous and disadvantaged working careers. We found consistent associations of precarious, discontinuous or disadvantaged careers with strenuous physical working conditions and with low occupational rewards. However, low effort rather than high effort was associated with adverse employment histories. Therefore, associations with the effort-reward ratio turned out to be inconsistent. By extending the scope of analysis beyond single time-point measures, we identified three types of adverse employment histories among employees between age 25 and 45 in a stress-theoretical framework, and we demonstrated their associations with employees’ current adversity at work between the age of 45–60.

中文翻译：

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就业生涯中的累积劣势——就业经历与压力大的工作条件之间的联系

摘要 关于压力性社会心理和体力工作环境对健康不利影响的累积证据被认为是近期社会流行病学研究的重大突破。然而，缺乏关于随着时间的推移反复接触对健康的不利影响的研究。在这篇文章中，我们分析了不良就业经历的特征与压力大的社会心理和身体当前工作条件之间的关联。我们使用来自法国 CONSTANCES 研究的数据，并将样本限制为 45-60 岁的就业男性和女性 (n = 23652)。目前的工作条件是通过努力回报不平衡以及压力大的体力工作任务和职位来评估的。以前的工作经历（25 岁到 45 岁之间）通过不稳定的指标进行回顾性评估和衡量，不连续和不利的职业生涯。我们发现，不稳定、不连续或不利的职业与艰苦的体力工作条件和低职业回报有着一致的联系。然而，低努力而不是高努力与不良的就业历史有关。因此，事实证明与努力回报率的关联是不一致的。通过将分析范围扩展到单一时间点措施之外，我们在压力理论框架中确定了 25 至 45 岁员工的三种不良就业历史，并证明了它们与 25 岁至 45 岁员工当前工作逆境的关联45-60。不连续或不利的职业，体力劳动条件艰苦，职业报酬低。然而，低努力而不是高努力与不良的就业历史有关。因此，事实证明与努力回报率的关联是不一致的。通过将分析范围扩展到单一时间点措施之外，我们在压力理论框架中确定了 25 至 45 岁员工的三种不良就业历史，并证明了它们与 25 岁至 45 岁员工当前工作逆境的关联45-60。不连续或不利的职业，体力劳动条件艰苦，职业报酬低。然而，低努力而不是高努力与不良的就业历史有关。因此，事实证明与努力回报率的关联是不一致的。通过将分析范围扩展到单一时间点措施之外，我们在压力理论框架中确定了 25 至 45 岁员工的三种不良就业历史，并证明了它们与 25 岁至 45 岁员工当前工作逆境的关联45-60。