Acculturation is commonly conceptualized as a two-way process in which all groups involved in intercultural contact change. Yet, very little is known about the acculturation orientations of majority-group members and the factors that differentiate those who adopt aspects of minority groups’ culture from those who reject them. In the present research, we for the first time aimed to answer this question from a personality perspective. A total of 301 White majority-group members living in the U.S. first completed a personality assessment and then indicated the extent to which they maintained their own culture and adopted the culture of ethnic minority groups. Our analytic approach combined top-down variable-centered and bottom-up person-centered analyses. In terms of variable-centered analyses, participants who adopted the culture of minority groups scored lower on conscientiousness and higher on openness. Moreover, adoption of minority-group cultures was positively associated with the personality facets sociability and inquisitiveness, and negatively with modesty and prudence. In terms of person-centered analyses, four acculturation clusters emerged, resembling strategies commonly observed among minority groups: marginalization, separation, integration and a diffuse strategy in which participants scored around the midpoint on own culture maintenance as well as minority culture adoption. Interestingly, especially this diffuse cluster differed from the other clusters on personality traits and facets, with participants tending to be more open than integrated and separated individuals, and less conscientious than separated individuals. The present report suggests that personality traits may help explain how majority-group members acculturate and highlights avenues for future research.

适应通常被概念化为双向过程，其中所有参与跨文化交往的群体都会发生变化。然而，关于多数派成员的文化取向以及将那些采纳少数派文化的人与拒绝少数派文化的人区分开的因素所知甚少。在本研究中，我们首次旨在从人格角度回答这个问题。居住在美国的301名白人多数群体成员首先完成了一项人格评估，然后指出了他们维持自己的文化并采用少数民族文化的程度。我们的分析方法结合了自上而下的以变量为中心的分析和自下而上的以人为中心的分析。就以变量为中心的分析而言，采纳少数民族文化的参与者在责任心方面的得分较低，在开放性方面的得分较高。此外，采用少数民族文化与人格方面的社交性和好奇心正相关，而与谦虚和审慎则负相关。就以人为中心的分析而言，出现了四个适应群，类似于少数群体中常见的策略：边缘化，分离，整合和分散策略，参与者在自己的文化维护和采用少数族裔文化方面得分在中点附近。有趣的是，尤其是这个分散的群体在个性特征和方面与其他群体不同，参与者倾向于比整合和分离的个体更开放，比分离的个体更不认真。