Biomarkers that enhance overall diagnosis and prognosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have a growing need to be recognized. The use of long non-coding ribonucleic acids (lncRNAs) as biomarkers in this regard is still largely unexplored. This study aimed to evaluate lncRNA [metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) and growth arrest-specific 5 (GAS5)] expression in SLE patients with/without nephritis. Their relation to disease activity/chronicity changes has been identified. A total of 40 SLE patients and 40 healthy controls were tested using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for expression levels of MALAT1 and GAS5. MALAT1 expression was aberrantly upregulated, while GAS5 was downregulated in patients with SLE versus controls. GAS5 relative expression was significantly downregulated in lupus nephritis (LN) patients compared to non-lupus nephritis (NN) patients. GAS5 was also correlated with glomerulosclerosis, interstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy, and hypertension. The lncRNA (GAS5 and MALAT1) may serve as diagnostic biomarkers for SLE. Moreover, GAS5 may distinguish SLE LN patients from NN patients and may predict renal fibrosis in LN patients.

中文翻译：

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生长停滞特异性 5 和转移相关肺腺癌转录本 1 基因表达的失调可预测系统性红斑狼疮患者的诊断和肾纤维化

越来越需要认识到提高系统性红斑狼疮 (SLE) 整体诊断和预后的生物标志物。在这方面使用长链非编码核糖核酸 (lncRNAs) 作为生物标志物在很大程度上仍未得到探索。本研究旨在评估 lncRNA [转移相关肺腺癌转录物 1 (MALAT1) 和生长停滞特异性 5 (GAS5)] 在伴/不伴肾炎的 SLE 患者中的表达。已经确定了它们与疾病活动/慢性变化的关系。使用实时定量聚合酶链反应 (PCR) 测试了总共 40 名 SLE 患者和 40 名健康对照的 MALAT1 和 GAS5 的表达水平。与对照组相比，SLE 患者的 MALAT1 表达异常上调，而 GAS5 表达下调。与非狼疮性肾炎 (NN) 患者相比，狼疮性肾炎 (LN) 患者中 GAS5 的相对表达显着下调。GAS5 还与肾小球硬化、间质纤维化、肾小管萎缩和高血压相关。lncRNA（GAS5 和 MALAT1）可作为 SLE 的诊断生物标志物。此外，GAS5 可以将 SLE LN 患者与 NN 患者区分开来，并且可以预测 LN 患者的肾纤维化。