Ventricular folds are located in the supraglottal region above the vocal folds. Although the ventricular folds do not vibrate under normal vocalizations, they vibrate under certain conditions, e.g., throat singing or ventricular fold dysphonia. In throat singing, the ventricular folds vibrate at the same frequency as (or at integer ratios of) the vocal fold vibration frequency. In ventricular fold dysphonia, on the other hand, the ventricular folds interfere with the vocal folds, giving rise to a hoarse voice. In the present study, the synthetic larynx model was utilized to examine the vocal–ventricular fold oscillations. Our experiments revealed that the vocal and ventricular folds can co-oscillate at the same frequency with an out-of-phase relation. Compared to the control condition, under which no ventricular folds exist, the phonation threshold pressure was increased in the presence of the ventricular folds. Acoustic analysis indicated that jitter was reduced and vocal efficiency was increased by the ventricular folds. Distance between the vocal and ventricular folds did not alter these oscillation properties. A computational model was further simulated to elucidate the mechanism underlying the observed vocal–ventricular fold oscillations. It has been suggested that out-of-phase oscillations of the vocal and ventricular folds are important for sustaining periodic laryngeal vibrations.

中文翻译：

---

语音中脑室褶皱振荡的实验研究

心室褶皱位于声带上方的声门上区域。尽管在正常发声时心室褶不振动，但是在某些情况下它们会振动，例如，嗓子唱歌或心室褶声困难。在嗓子唱歌中，心室褶皱以与声带振动频率相同的频率振动（或以整数倍的比率）。另一方面，在心室折叠性发声障碍中，心室折叠会干扰声带，从而产生嘶哑的声音。在本研究中，人工喉部模型被用于检查声-脑室的褶皱振荡。我们的实验表明，声带和心室褶皱可以以相同的频率以异相关系共振荡。与不存在心室褶皱的对照条件相比，存在心室褶皱时，发声阈值压力增加。声学分析表明心室褶皱可减少抖动并提高发声效率。声带和心室褶皱之间的距离没有改变这些振荡特性。进一步模拟了一个计算模型，以阐明所观察到的声音-心室褶皱振荡的机制。已经提出，声带和心室褶的异相振荡对于维持周期性的喉部振动很重要。