This study evaluated the effects of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) in glucose control and respiratory muscle function in patients with diabetes. It was a randomized clinical trial conducted at the Physiopathology Laboratory of the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Patients with Type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to IMT or placebo-IMT (P-IMT), performed at 30% and 2% of maximal inspiratory pressure, respectively, every day for 12 weeks. The main outcome measures were HbA1c, glycemia, and respiratory muscle function. Thirty patients were included: 73.3% women, 59.6 ± 10.7 years old, HbA1c 8.7 ± 0.9% (71.6 ± 9.8 mmol/mol), and glycemia 181.8 ± 57.8 mg/dl (10.5 ± 3.2 mmol/L). At the end of the training, HbA1c was 8.2 ±0.3% (66.1 ± 3.3 mmol/mol) and 8.7 ± 0.3% (71.6 ± 3.3 mmol/mol) for the IMT and P-IMT groups, respectively (p = .8). Fasting glycemia decreased in both groups with no difference after training although it was lower in IMT at 8 weeks: 170.0 ± 11.4 mg/dl(9.4 ± 0.6 mmol/L) and 184.4 ± 15.0 mg/dl (10.2 ± 0.8 mmol/L) for IMT and P-IMT, respectively (p < .05). Respiratory endurance time improved in the IMT group (baseline = 325.9 ± 51.1 s and 305.0 ± 37.8 s; after 12 weeks = 441.1 ± 61.7 s and 250.7 ± 39.0 s for the IMT and P-IMT groups, respectively; p < .05). Considering that glucose control did not improve, IMT should not be used as an alternative to other types of exercise in diabetes. Higher exercise intensities or longer training periods might produce better results. The clinical trials identifier is NCT 03191435.

本研究评估了吸气肌训练 (IMT) 对糖尿病患者血糖控制和呼吸肌功能的影响。这是一项在阿雷格里港临床医院的生理病理学实验室进行的随机临床试验。2 型糖尿病患者被随机分配到 IMT 或安慰剂-IMT (P-IMT)，分别在 30% 和 2% 的最大吸气压力下进行，每天进行 12 周。主要结局指标是 HbA1c、血糖和呼吸肌功能。包括 30 名患者：73.3% 的女性，59.6 ± 10.7 岁，HbA1c 8.7 ± 0.9% (71.6 ± 9.8 mmol/mol)，血糖 181.8 ± 57.8 mg/dl (10.5 ± 3.2 mmol/L)。在训练结束时，IMT 和 P-IMT 组的 HbA1c 分别为 8.2 ± 0.3% (66.1 ± 3.3 mmol/mol) 和 8.7 ± 0.3% (71.6 ± 3.3 mmol/mol) (p  = .8)。训练后两组的空腹血糖均下降，但没有差异，尽管 8 周时 IMT 较低：170.0 ± 11.4 mg/dl(9.4 ± 0.6 mmol/L) 和 184.4 ± 15.0 mg/dl (10.2 ± 0.8 mmol/L)分别用于 IMT 和 P-IMT ( p  < .05)。IMT 组的呼吸耐力时间有所改善（基线 = 325.9 ± 51.1 秒和 305.0 ± 37.8 秒；12 周后，IMT 和 P-IMT 组分别为 441.1 ± 61.7 秒和 250.7 ± 39.0 秒；p  < .05） . 考虑到血糖控制没有改善，IMT 不应该作为糖尿病其他类型运动的替代品。更高的运动强度或更长的训练时间可能会产生更好的结果。临床试验标识符是 NCT 03191435。