The study of risk perception (RP) has much increased in the last years to improve flood risk management. Effective communication requires an understanding of how the risk of flooding is perceived by residents of different areas. In this work, RP is investigated through a survey involving 483 people living in Tuscany. RP was assessed through a score built on four items covering personal, residence, and sociodemographic variables concerning flood RP. Results showed that: (a) flood RP was moderate; (b) RP was positively correlated with age, higher education, proximity to a river and direct experience; (c) people who experienced floods felt themselves to be more informed and prepared; (d) subjectively perceived risk and experts' risk assessment seemed generally correlated, even if people living in areas at “high risk” tend to underestimate the actual flood risk level; (e) the majority of the respondents considered the government and themselves as equally responsible for personal preparedness; and (f) less than 20% was aware of a Local Emergency Plan. The need of focusing on people living in the riskiest areas with targeted communication campaigns on risk awareness, hazard preparedness, and other implications of the findings in terms of communication strategies are discussed.

中文翻译：

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人们如何看待洪水风险？来自意大利托斯卡纳的一次公共调查的结果

近年来，对风险感知（RP）的研究已大大增加，以改善洪水风险管理。有效的沟通需要了解不同地区的居民如何感知洪水的风险。在这项工作中，通过一项涉及483名居住在托斯卡纳的人们的调查，对RP进行了调查。通过对涉及洪水RP的个人，居住和社会人口学变量的四个项目进行评分，对RP进行了评估。结果表明：（a）洪水RP中等；（b）安置计划与年龄，受过高等教育，靠近河流和直接经历成正相关；（c）遭受水灾的人们感到自己变得更加了解和准备；（d）主观上认为的风险和专家的风险评估通常是相关的，即使生活在“高风险”地区的人们往往低估了实际的洪水风险水平；（e）大部分回应者认为政府及其本身对个人准备负有同等责任；（f）不到20％的人知道地方紧急计划。讨论了有针对性地针对生活在最危险地区的人们进行针对性的宣传活动的必要性，这些宣传活动涉及风险意识，危害防范以及调查结果在宣传策略方面的其他影响。