Floods and the COVID‐19 pandemic—A new double hazard problem,WIREs Water

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Floods and the COVID‐19 pandemic—A new double hazard problem
WIREs Water ( IF 6.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-10 , DOI: 10.1002/wat2.1509
Slobodan P Simonovic ₁ , Zbigniew W Kundzewicz ₂ , Nigel Wright ₃

Affiliation

The coincidence of floods and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is a genuine multihazard problem. Since the beginning of 2020, many regions around the World have been experiencing this double hazard of serious flooding and the pandemic. There have been 70 countries with flood events occurring after detection of the country's first COVID‐19 case and hundreds of thousands of people have been evacuated. The main objective of this article is to assess challenges that arise from complex intersections between the threat multipliers and to provide guidance on how to address them effectively. We consider the limitations of our knowledge including “unknown unknowns.” During emergency evacuation, practicing social distancing can be very difficult. However, people are going to take action to respond to rising waters, even if it means breaking quarantine. This is an emergency manager's nightmare scenario: two potentially serious emergencies happening at once. During this unprecedented year (2020), we are experiencing one of the most challenging flood seasons we have seen in a while. Practical examples of issues and guides for managing floods and COVID‐19 are presented. We feel that a new approach is needed in dealing with multiple hazards. Our main messages are: a resilience approach is needed whether in response to floods or a pandemic; preparation is vital, in addition to defense; the responsible actors must be prepared with actions plans and command structure, while the general population must be involved in the discussions so that they are aware of the risk and the reasons for the actions they must take.

中文翻译：

洪水和 COVID-19 大流行——新的双重危险问题

洪水和 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 的同时发生是一个真正的多灾种问题。 2020年伊始，全球多个地区遭遇严重洪涝和疫情的双重危害。在发现首例 COVID-19 病例后，已有 70 个国家发生了洪水事件，数十万人已被疏散。本文的主要目的是评估威胁倍数之间复杂交叉所带来的挑战，并就如何有效解决这些问题提供指导。我们考虑我们知识的局限性，包括“未知的未知数”。在紧急疏散期间，保持社交距离可能非常困难。然而，人们将采取行动应对上涨的水位，即使这意味着打破隔离。这是应急管理人员的噩梦场景：两个潜在的严重紧急情况同时发生。在这史无前例的一年（2020 年），我们正在经历一段时间以来最具挑战性的洪水季节之一。介绍了管理洪水和 COVID-19 的问题和指南的实际示例。我们认为需要采取新的方法来应对多种危害。我们的主要信息是：无论是应对洪水还是大流行病，都需要采取弹性方法；除了防守之外，准备也很重要；责任方必须制定行动计划和指挥结构，而公众必须参与讨论，以便他们了解风险以及必须采取行动的原因。

更新日期：2021-02-05

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