As an integral part of Internet of Things (IoT), mobile crowdsensing (MCS) via smart embedded devices has recently gained significant attention for being effective in a wide range of applications and services, particularly in smart environments. In order to collect data, MCS systems seek ubiquitous sensing services from smart mobile devices such as smartphones, tablets and wearables, which are equipped with a variety of sensors, and provide analytics, visualization and recommendation services. Despite its benefits, the distributed nature of MCS results in confronting a number of challenges in terms of incentives, privacy, security and dependability. In this survey, blockchains, as a state of the art technology that builds on decentralization, immutability and consensus characteristics, are comprehensively reviewed with their potential to address main challenges in MCS. To this end, this article reviews the MCS platforms by investigating the existing works along with their challenges. Furthermore, the article reviews blockchain-integrated MCS solutions to address the incentive mechanisms, data quality, and privacy and security issues. This survey’s objective is not only to analyze existing works but also to present potential directions for future research to leverage MCS and blockchains in smart environments.

作为物联网（IoT）不可或缺的一部分，通过智能嵌入式设备进行的移动人群感知（MCS）最近因在各种应用程序和服务（尤其是智能环境）中有效而引起了广泛关注。为了收集数据，MCS系统从配备了各种传感器的智能移动设备（例如智能手机，平板电脑和可穿戴设备）中寻求普遍存在的传感服务，并提供分析，可视化和推荐服务。尽管有其好处，MCS的分布式性质仍导致在激励，隐私，安全性和可靠性方面面临许多挑战。在这项调查中，区块链作为一种基于去中心化，不变性和共识特征的最新技术，全面审查了其解决MCS主要挑战的潜力。为此，本文通过调查现有作品及其挑战来回顾MCS平台。此外，本文回顾了区块链集成的MCS解决方案，以解决激励机制，数据质量以及隐私和安全性问题。这项调查的目的不仅在于分析现有作品，而且还为将来的研究提出潜在的方向，以在智能环境中利用MCS和区块链。