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Networks of unusually large fossil periglacial polygons, Campine area, northern Belgium
Geomorphology ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-11 , DOI: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2020.107582
Koen Beerten , Erwin Meylemans , Cornelis Kasse , Thomas Mestdagh , David Van Rooij , Jan Bastiaens

A series of polygon networks has been discovered on the most recent LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) DEM (Digital Elevation Model) of Flanders (Belgium) available in a resolution of 1 m2. They are located in the sandy Campine area (northern Belgium) and resemble thermal contraction crack polygon networks from present-day permafrost regions. Different network types were observed, ranging from orthogonal to hexagonal and various combinations of these. The inter-polygon troughs are typically several decimeters deep and up to several meters wide. The average polygon size is ca. 3000 m2, which is equivalent to a diameter of ca. 60 m if the polygon shape is approximated with a perfect circle, or a side of ca. 55 m length if it were to be approximated by a perfect square. The average size is (much) larger than any of the studied present-day analogues, and also larger than fossil networks in the western part of Flanders, Poland and France. In contrast to the Campine polygons presented here, the fossil analogues in these countries were detected using satellite imagery and orthophotos, which may partially explain the observed size differences. The morphometric analysis of the Campine networks shows relationships between polygon type and local geomorphological position as orthogonal networks seem to have a preference to develop near shallow valley slopes. In addition, GPR (Ground Penetrating Radar) radargrams were acquired across polygon boundaries to investigate subsoil disturbances related to the former position of ice wedges or sand wedges. However, the evidence is not unequivocal due to the low dielectric contrast between the host and wedge material. It is not clear yet whether smaller 2nd and 3rd order cracks did develop but without leaving a topographical imprint. The observed polygon networks in the Campine area are interpreted as first-order networks that developed during a time span of several thousands of years, up to 10 kyr at most, in a former Late Weichselian permafrost climate.



中文翻译:

比利时北部坎皮恩地区异常大的化石冰缘多边形网络

在法兰德斯(比利时)的最新LiDAR(光检测和测距)DEM(数字高程模型)上发现了一系列多边形网络,其分辨率为1 m 2。它们位于沙质地带坎皮恩地区(比利时北部),类似于当今多年冻土地区的热收缩裂缝多边形网络。观察到不同的网络类型,从正交到六边形以及这些的各种组合。多边形间的槽通常深达几分米,宽达几米。平均多边形大小为ca。3000 m 2,相当于直径为ca。如果多边形的形状近似为一个正圆或大约为ca的边,则为60 m。如果要用一个完美的正方形近似,则长度为55 m。平均大小比目前研究的任何类似物都大得多,也比法兰德斯,波兰和法国西部的化石网络大。与这里介绍的Campine多边形相反,这些国家的化石类似物是使用卫星图像和正射照片检测的,这可以部分解释观测到的尺寸差异。Campine网络的形态计量学分析显示多边形类型与本地地貌位置之间的关系,因为正交网络似乎更倾向于在浅谷斜坡附近发展。此外,跨多边形边界获取了GPR(探地雷达)雷达图,以调查与冰楔或沙楔的先前位置有关的地下土壤扰动。但是,由于主体和楔形材料之间的介电对比度低,因此证据并非毫无疑问。尚不清楚是否确实产生了较小的二阶和三阶裂纹,但没有留下地形印记。在坎皮恩地区观察到的多边形网络被解释为一阶网络,该网络是在前魏氏年冻土气候中,在几千年的时间跨度内发展的,最长可达10 kyr。尚不清楚是否确实产生了较小的二阶和三阶裂纹,但没有留下地形印记。在坎皮恩地区观察到的多边形网络被解释为一阶网络,该网络是在前魏氏年冻土气候中,在几千年的时间跨度内发展的,最长可达10 kyr。尚不清楚是否确实产生了较小的二阶和三阶裂纹,但没有留下地形印记。在坎皮恩地区观察到的多边形网络被解释为一阶网络,该网络是在前魏氏年冻土气候中,在几千年的时间跨度内发展的,最长可达10 kyr。

更新日期:2021-01-11
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