Large-diameter buried steel pipes (BSPs) have been widely utilized in water diversion and hydropower fields. This paper presents a comprehensive numerical investigation on the interaction between the large-diameter pipe and soil under three typical working conditions, to capture the structural mechanical behaviors of pipe deformation, soil displacement, and soil pressure. Furthermore, a parametric analysis of pipe diameter is conducted, along with the sensitivity study of soil parameters based on the orthogonal test method. The results show that the water weight increases the pipe deformation significantly by 14%, while the high internal water pressure decreases the deformation greatly with the maximum effect of 39%. The pattern of soil pressure at the top of the pipe changes from parabola to double-hump as the pipe diameter varies from 0.5 m to 5.0 m. The pipe deformation and soil pressure keep increasing with the pipe diameter, but the safety margin for prism load decreases gradually. Pipe deformation and soil pressure are very sensitive to the elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio of backfill. Friction coefficients of soil-soil (trench sidewall) and pipe-soil have great influences on the soil pressure, while the bedding material and backfill cohesion have small effects on it.

大直径的埋地钢管（BSP）已被广泛用于引水和水力发电领域。本文对大直径管道与土壤在三种典型工作条件下的相互作用进行了全面的数值研究，以捕捉管道变形，土壤位移和土壤压力的结构力学行为。此外，还进行了管径的参数分析，并基于正交试验方法对土壤参数进行了敏感性研究。结果表明，水的重量显着增加了14％的管道变形，而较高的内部水压则大大降低了变形，最大效果为39％。当管道直径从0.5 m变为5时，管道顶部的土壤压力模式从抛物线变为双峰。0米 管道变形和土压力随着管道直径的增加而不断增加，但棱镜载荷的安全裕度逐渐减小。管道变形和土壤压力对回填的弹性模量和泊松比非常敏感。土-土（沟槽侧壁）和管-土的摩擦系数对土压力有很大影响，而垫层材料和回填物的内聚力对其影响较小。