Chestnut blight, Cryphonectria parasitica (Murrill) Barr, was reported in Portugal in 1989. The disease rapidly spread within the chestnut region of the Trás-os-Montes (the Northeast of Portugal). Eradication and mechanical/burning exclusion failed to control the disease and natural hypovirulence is still absent or of very low incidence. The introduction of human-assisted therapeutic hypovirulence is therefore required to control the disease. We presente here the efficacy of field applications (short and long term) of a locally characterized hypovirulent strain (CHV1-RBB111), by the punch method in two chestnut orchards (Valpaços and Vinhais). The Valpaços disease incidence was 68% (65 out of 96 trees) and in Vinhais it was 46% (78 out of 169 trees). In both locations, diversity of vegetative incompatibility (vc type) was low and largely dominated (> 85%) by a single vc type (EU11). In Valpaços, all cankers of the orchard were treated (63 cankers) and in Vinhais 31 trees (cankers) were treated. One year after application, field efficacy was very high with 93.8% of healed cankers in Valpaços and 90.3% in Vinhais, these values increased to 100% and 93.5% (respectively) after four years. The persistence of the introduced CHV1-RBB 111 strain was high and present in almost all treated cankers and it was dominant both inwards and on the application site revealing an endophytic behavior. The non-C. parasitica microfungi were abundant with 14 different species. Biscogniauxia mediterranea (De Not.) Kuntze was the most abundant in both orchards. Treatment with the introduced hypovirulent strain (CHV1-RBB111) was found to be effective in controlling chestnut blight with regeneration of cortical tissues and recovery of treated trees.

板栗枯萎病，Cryphonectria parasitica（Murrill）Barr，于1989年在葡萄牙报道。该病在Trás-os-Montes（葡萄牙东北）的板栗地区迅速传播。根除和机械/烧灼排斥不能控制疾病，自然缺乏低毒力或发病率很低。因此需要引入人类辅助的治疗性低毒来控制该疾病。我们在此介绍在两个板栗果园（Valpaços和Vinhais）中使用打孔法对局部表征的低毒力菌株（CHV1-RBB111）进行现场应用（短期和长期）的功效。瓦尔帕索斯（Valpaços）病发病率为68％（96棵树中的65棵），在Vinhais则为46％（169棵树中的78棵）。在这两个地区，营养不相容性（vc型）的多样性都很低，并且主要由单一vc型（EU11）主导（> 85％）。在瓦尔帕索斯，果园的所有溃疡病都得到了治疗（63个溃疡病），在Vinhais，治疗了31棵树木（溃疡病）。施用一年后，田间药效非常高，瓦尔帕索斯治愈的溃疡病为93.8％，文海斯为90.3％，四年后这些值分别提高到100％和93.5％。引入的CHV1-RBB 111菌株的持久性很高，几乎存在于所有已治疗的溃疡病中，并且在内部和施药部位均占主导地位，表明其具有内生性。非 引入的CHV1-RBB 111菌株的持久性很高，几乎存在于所有已治疗的溃疡病中，并且在内部和施药部位均占主导地位，表明其具有内生性。非 引入的CHV1-RBB 111菌株的持久性很高，几乎存在于所有已治疗的溃疡病中，并且在内部和施药部位均占主导地位，表明其具有内生性。非C. parasitica microfungi丰富，有14种。在两个果园中，昆茨（Biscogniauxia mediterranea）（De Not。）昆茨（Kuntze）是最丰富的。发现用引入的低毒力菌株（CHV1-RBB111）处理可有效控制板栗枯萎病，其中包括皮层组织的再生和已处理树木的恢复。