The chemical characterization of aerosols, especially fine organic fraction, is a relevant atmospheric challenge because their composition highly depends on localization. Herein, we studied the concentration of multi-oxygenated organic compounds in the western Mediterranean area, focusing on sources and the effect of air patterns. The organic aerosol fraction ranged 3–22% of the total organic mass in particulate matter (PM)_2.5. Seventy multi-oxygenated organic pollutants were identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, including n-alkanones, n-alcohols, anhydrosugars, monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids, and keto-derivatives. The highest concentrations were found for carboxylic acids, such as linoleic acid, tetradecanoic acid and, palmitic acid. Biomarkers for vegetation sources, such as levoglucosan and some fatty acids were detected at most locations. In addition, carboxylic acids from anthropogenic sources—mainly traffic and cooking—have been identified. The results indicate that the organic PM fraction in this region is formed mainly from biogenic pollutants, emitted directly by vegetation, and from the degradation products of anthropogenic and biogenic volatile organic pollutants. Moreover, the chemical profile suggested that this area is interesting for aerosol studies because several processes such as local costal breezes, industrial emissions, and desert intrusions affect fine PM composition.

中文翻译：

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地中海西部地区收集的细颗粒物质中的多氧合有机化合物

气溶胶，特别是细小的有机物的化学表征是一项重大的大气挑战，因为气溶胶的组成高度依赖于本地化。在这里，我们研究了地中海西部地区多氧化有机化合物的浓度，重点研究了空气来源和空气形态的影响。颗粒物（PM）中有机气溶胶分数占总有机质量的3–22％_2.5。通过气相色谱-质谱法鉴定了70种多氧化有机污染物，包括正链烷酮，正醇，脱水糖，一元羧酸，二元羧酸和酮衍生物。发现羧酸的浓度最高，例如亚油酸，十四烷酸和棕榈酸。在大多数地方都检测到了植物来源的生物标记物，例如左旋葡聚糖和一些脂肪酸。此外，已经确定了来自人为来源（主要是交通和烹饪）的羧酸。结果表明，该区域的有机PM组分主要由植被直接排放的生物污染物以及人为和生物挥发性有机污染物的降解产物形成。此外，