Over the past few decades, research on reactive oxygen species (ROS) has revealed their critical role in the initiation and progression of cancer by virtue of various transcription factors. At certain threshold values, ROS act as signaling molecules leading to activation of oncogenic pathways. However, if perturbated beyond the threshold values, ROS act in an anti-tumor manner leading to cellular death. ROS mediate cellular death through various programmed cell death (PCD) approaches such as apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, etc. Thus, external stimulation of ROS beyond a threshold is considered a promising therapeutic strategy. Phytochemicals have been widely regarded as favorable therapeutic options in many diseased conditions. Over the past few decades, mechanistic studies on phytochemicals have revealed their effect on ROS homeostasis in cancer. Considering their favorable side effect profile, phytochemicals remain attractive treatment options in cancer. Herein, we review some of the most recent studies performed using phytochemicals and, we further delve into the mechanism of action enacted by individual phytochemicals for PCD in cancer.

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植物化学物质在癌症氧化还原稳态中的作用

在过去的几十年中，对活性氧（ROS）的研究表明，由于多种转录因子，它们在癌症的发生和发展中起着至关重要的作用。在某些阈值下，ROS充当导致致癌途径激活的信号分子。但是，如果扰动超过阈值，ROS会以抗肿瘤的方式起作用，导致细胞死亡。ROS通过各种程序性细胞死亡（PCD）方法（例如细胞凋亡，自噬，肥大病等）介导细胞死亡。因此，ROS的外部刺激超过阈值被认为是一种有前途的治疗策略。在许多疾病条件下，植物化学物质已被广泛认为是有利的治疗选择。在过去的几十年中，有关植物化学物质的机理研究表明，它们对癌症中的ROS稳态具有影响。考虑到它们有利的副作用，植物化学物质在癌症中仍然是有吸引力的治疗选择。在本文中，我们回顾了一些使用植物化学物质进行的最新研究，并且我们进一步研究了个别植物化学物质对癌症中PCD的作用机制。