MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded non-coding RNA molecules. In addition to participating in various biological processes of eukaryotes, such as cell proliferation, development, differentiation, metabolism, tumorigenesis, and apoptosis, miRNAs also play an important role in the regulation of virus replication. Here, we review the current knowledge on high-throughput miRNA sequencing of teleost fish or fish cells in response to virus infection, the role of teleost fish miRNAs in regulating virus replication via targeting either fish or virus genes and the function of teleost fish virus-encoded miRNAs during virus infection. Understanding the interaction between the miRNAs and the host or virus genes will lead to the identification of novel strategy to prevent virus infection in teleost fish.

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MicroRNA 调控硬骨鱼病毒复制：综述

MicroRNA (miRNA) 是单链非编码 RNA 分子。miRNAs除了参与真核生物的各种生物学过程，如细胞增殖、发育、分化、代谢、肿瘤发生、凋亡等，还在病毒复制的调控中发挥重要作用。在这里，我们回顾了当前关于硬骨鱼或鱼细胞响应病毒感染的高通量 miRNA 测序的知识、硬骨鱼 miRNA 通过靶向鱼类或病毒基因在调节病毒复制中的作用以及硬骨鱼病毒的功能 -病毒感染期间编码的miRNA。了解 miRNA 与宿主或病毒基因之间的相互作用将有助于确定防止硬骨鱼病毒感染的新策略。